User:Mr. Ibrahem/Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome

Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS), also known as chronic nonbacterial prostatitis, is long-term pelvic pain and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) without evidence of a bacterial infection. Other symptoms may include pain with ejaculation, pain with urination, trouble with the stream, and suprapubic, lower back, or testicular pain. This is present for more than 3 months. It may be associated with sexual dysfunction or a decrease in quality of life.

The cause is unknown. Risk factors may include smoking, working night shifts, psychological stress, and drinking alcohol. Diagnosis is based on symptoms after ruling out other potential causes such as bacterial prostatitis, benign prostatic hypertrophy, overactive bladder, and cancer. Together with IC/BPS, it makes up urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome (UCPPS).

Management may involve a combination of avoiding factors that make it worse; alpha blocker medication; NSAIDs; physiotherapy; and counselling. A four week trial of antibiotics may be tried in certain cases and those with benign prostatic hypertrophy may be treated with 5-alpha reductase inhibitors. Acupuncture and extracorporeal shockwave therapy may be tried. About a third of people improve over a year. CP/CPPS affects about 2–6% of men. It occurs more commonly in those over the age of 65.