User:Mr. Ibrahem/Distributive shock

Distributive shock is a type of shock in which small blood vessels do not regulate blood flow appropriately. This results in not enough blood flow to body tissues. Symptoms may include confusion, fast heart rate, warm arms and legs, altered body temperature, and low blood pressure. Complications may include multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.

The most common cause sepsis and anaphylaxis. Other causes include spinal injury, known as neurogenic shock, toxic shock syndrome, adrenal insufficiency, pancreatitis, and overdoses of certain medications such as calcium channel blockers. Distributive shock differs from the other three categories of shock in that there is normal or above normal output from the heart.

Treatment often begins with intravenous fluids. Other measure may include norepinephrine or epinephrine. Other treatments depend on the underlying cause such as antibiotics or hydrocortisone. Distributive shock makes up about 66% of cases of shock in the intensive care unit. Death can occur in 20% to 80% of cases, depending on the cause.