User:Mr. Ibrahem/Ethinylestradiol/etonogestrel

Ethinylestradiol/etonogestrel, sold under the brand names NuvaRing among others, is a hormonal vaginal ring used for birth control and to improve menstrual symptoms. It contains ethinylestradiol, an estrogen, and etonogestrel, a progestin. It is used by insertion into the vagina. Pregnancy occurs in about 0.3% of women with perfect use and 9% of women with typical use.

Common side effects include irregular vaginal bleeding, nausea, sore breasts, vaginitis, mood changes, and headache. Rare but serious side effects may include blood clots, toxic shock syndrome, anaphylaxis, gallstones, and liver problems. Use is not recommended in those who both smoke and are over the age of 35. While use in pregnancy is not recommended, such use has not been found to be harmful to the baby. Use during breastfeeding is typically not recommended as it may decrease the milk supply. It mainly works by decreasing gonadotropins thereby stopping ovulation.

The combination was approved for medical use in the United States in 2001. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is available as a generic medication in the United Kingdom. A month supply costs the UK's NHS £30 as of 2020. In the United States the wholesale cost of this amount is about US$470. In 2017, it was the 177th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than three million prescriptions. Lawsuits were filed in the US against Merck alleging it concealed health risks associated with the product. These were settled for $100 million in 2014.