User:Mr. Ibrahem/Gestational hypertension

Gestational hypertension, also known as pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), is new high blood pressure in pregnancy after 20 weeks' gestation without signs of pre-eclampsia such as protein in the urine. There are no specific symptoms. Complications can include pre-eclampsia; which occurs in about 30%, otherwise outcomes are generally good.

The cause is unclear. Risk factors include being overweight, anemia, diabetes, older age, first pregnancy, and a multiple pregnancy. It is defined as having a blood pressure (BP) greater than 140/90 mmHg on two occasions at least 4 hours apart. If greater than 160/110 mmHg, diagnosis can be made based on blood pressures 15 minutes apart. If the blood pressure remains high more than 12 weeks after delivery the diagnosis changes to chronic hypertension.

Management involves frequent checking of blood pressure and for signs of pre-eclampsia and deliver at 37 weeks; though in certain cases this may be recommended at 34 weeks. If BP is greater than 160/110 mmHg active treatment is recommended with labetolol, hydralazine, or nifedipine. Generally it goes away after birth; though, there remains an increased risk of long-term high blood pressure. It occurs in between 1.8 and 4.4% of pregnancies.