User:Mr. Ibrahem/Gingivitis

Gingivitis is inflammation of the gums without tissue destruction. Symptoms may include red swollen gums which bleed easily. There is typically no pain. Complications may include periodontitis and tooth loss.

The most common cause is bacterial film (plaque) attached to the teeth. Other causes include lack of vitamin C, pregnancy, and certain medications such as phenytoin and calcium channel blockers. Other risk factors include smoking and dry mouth. Diagnosis is generally by a dental exam. It is a mild form of periodontal disease.

Treatment is with good oral hygiene and professional teeth cleaning. Severe cases may require antibiotics or surgery. Outcomes are generally good with treatment.

Gingivitis is the most common type of periodontal disease. Males are more commonly affected than females. Both children and adults are commonly affected. Inflammation of the gums has been described since at least 400 BC by Hippocrates.