User:Mr. Ibrahem/Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), also known as jaundice of pregnancy, is a skin condition of pregnancy that results in itchy skin. Itchiness is often severe, particularly at night, and while there is typically no initial rash, skin breakdown may occur due to scratching. Other symptoms may include a yellow color and right upper abdominal discomfort. Onset is typically in the third trimester; though occasionally may occur earlier.

Risk factors include genetics, with half of people having a family history, and twin pregnancy. The underlying mechanism involves liver problems, known as cholestasis, as a result of high levels of hormones. Diagnosis is based on symptoms and bile acid levels greater than 10 μmol/L (4.08 mcg/mL) in the blood.

Selenium supplementation may decrease its occurrence. Management may involved delivery at 36 to 38 weeks. Ursodeoxycholic acid may improve outcomes. Antihistamines may be used. Complications for the baby may include premature birth, meconium aspiration syndrome, and intrauterine death. Complications for the mother may include gallstone disease and vitamin K deficiency. While it typically goes away within 2 weeks after delivery, it often recures in subsequent pregnancies.

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy affects between 0.1 and 1.5% of pregnancies in much of the Western world. Rates in Bolivia are around 9% and in certain populations in Chile are 28%. In more commonly occurs in winter months. The condition was first described by Ahlfeld in 1883.