User:Mr. Ibrahem/Ketorolac

Ketorolac, sold under the brand name Toradol among others, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to treat pain. Specifically it is recommended for moderate to severe pain. Recommended duration of treatment is less than six days. It is used by mouth, by nose, by injection into a vein or muscle, and as eye drops. Effects begin within an hour and last for up to eight hours.

Common side effects include sleepiness, dizziness, abdominal pain, swelling, and nausea. Serious side effects may include stomach bleeding, kidney failure, heart attacks, bronchospasm, heart failure, and anaphylaxis. Use is not recommended during the last part of pregnancy or during breastfeeding. Ketorolac works by blocking cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 (COX1 and COX2), thereby decreasing production of prostaglandins.

Ketorolac was patented in 1976 and approved for medical use in 1989. It is available as a generic medication. In the United Kingdom it costs the NHS less than £1 per injectable dose as of 2019. In the United States the wholesale cost of this amount is about US$1.50. In 2017, it was the 271st most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than one million prescriptions.