User:Mr. Ibrahem/Melasma

Melasma, also known as the mask of pregnancy, generally presents with areas of brown or darker skin on both sides of the face. Most commonly it occurs on the cheeks, chin, nose, or forehead. Less commonly the forearms or neck may be involved.

Causes may include sun exposure, genetics, pregnancy, hormonal birth control, hormone replacement therapy (HRT), or certain medications. Occasionally thyroid disorders are implicated. Diagnosis is generally by examination of the skin. Occasionally a skin biopsy may be done to rule out other potential causes.

Treatment generally involves avoiding the sun and wearing sunscreen. Often it will resolve on its own when the trigger is not longer present. Occasionally medications such as hydroquinone, tretinoin, or steroid cream may be used. A number of other medications or procedures may also be used. Outcomes are generally good; however, the condition can reoccur.

Melasma is common affecting between 1.5% and 33% of people. Women are affected about 10 times more often than men. Onset is typically in the 20s and 30s. People with darker skin are more commonly affected. The term "melasma" means brown skin.