User:Mr. Ibrahem/Molar pregnancy

Molar pregnancy is a form of pregnancy were a non-viable fertilized egg implants in the uterus and the placenta forms a tumor. They may be complete or less commonly partial. A complete mole diagnosed in the second trimester may present with an overly large uterus, low red blood cells, vomiting, high blood pressure, hyperthyroidism, and breathing problems. With earlier diagnosis or with an partial mole these symptoms are less common. Well typically benign, they do have the potential to become cancer (15% to 20% with complete, 1% to 5% with partial).

Risk factors include age less than 20 or over 35, previous molar pregnancy or miscarriage, smoking, and a diet low in vitamin A. A complete mole forms when an egg that has lost its DNA is fertilized by a single sperm which than duplicates its DNA (most commonly) or is fertilized by two sperm (less commonly) resulting in cells with 46 chromosomes in both cases. A partial mole occurs when a normal egg is fertilized by one sperm which duplicates its DNA or by two sperm thus resulting in most often 60 chromosomes per cell. A partial mole contains fetal tissue well a complete mole does not. A molar pregnancy is a type of gestational trophoblastic disease. Diagnosis is generally based on a high hCG and ultrasound findings.

Treatment is generally with dilation and curettage or hysterectomy. Rh immune globulin is recommended in those who are Rh-negative. Measurements of hCG levels should be done weekly until less are less than 5 mIU per ml for three weeks and than should be done monthly for six months. Molar pregnancy occurs in about 0.6 to 1.2 per 1,000 pregnancies in North America and Europe. Rates are higher in Asia being up to 1 in 100 pregnancies in Indonesia.