User:Mr. Ibrahem/Nail clubbing

Nail clubbing, also known as digital clubbing, is a rounded enlargement of the finger or toe nails. Usually both sides are involved and there is a lack of pain. Onset may occur over a two week period and if the underlying cause is corrected may resolve over a similar period of time. When it occurs together with joint pain and swelling, and abnormal skin and bone growth it is known as hypertrophic osteoarthropathy.

Clubbing is associated with lung cancer, lung infections, COPD, interstitial lung disease, cystic fibrosis, cardiovascular disease, inflammatory bowel disease, cirrhosis, and certain medications. Clubbing may also run in families or occur without any identifiable cause. The underlying mechanism involves thickening of primarily the early part of the nail bed. Diagnosis is based on examination.

Treatment is based on the underlying cause. Rates of clubbing are unknown; it was present in about 1% of people admitted to an internal medicine unit of a hospital. Clubbing has described since the time of Hippocrates.