User:Mr. Ibrahem/Nivolumab

Nivolumab, sold under the brand name Opdivo, is a medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes melanoma, lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, head and neck cancer, colon cancer, and liver cancer. It is used by slow injection into a vein.

Common side effects include tiredness, rash, liver problems, muscles pains, and cough. Severe side effects may include immune-related lung, intestinal, liver, kidney, skin, or endocrine problems. Use during pregnancy may harm the baby and use when breastfeeding is not recommended. Nivolumab is a human IgG4 monoclonal antibody that blocks PD-1. It is a type of Immunotherapy and works as a checkpoint inhibitor, blocking a signal that prevents activation of T cells from attacking the cancer.

Nivolumab was approved for medical use in the United States in 2014. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. In the United Kingdom it costs the NHS about £5266 a month as of 2018. In the United States this amount costs about US$13,556 as of 2019, while in China it is about US$7,000. It is made using Chinese hamster ovary cells.