User:Mr. Ibrahem/Orbital compartment syndrome

Orbital compartment syndrome (OCS) is the result of rapid increase in pressure within the orbit. Symptoms may include decreased vision, bulging of the eye, double vision, and pain. The eye is typical firm to touch with a dilated non reactive pupil. Without treatment complications can include blindness.

Relatively common causes include retrobulbar bleeding due to either injury or eye surgery. Other causes include infection, cancer, burns, and air behind the eye. Diagnosis is based on symptoms and intraocular pressure (IOP), though may be supported by medical imaging in unclear cases. An IOP greater than 40 mmHg generally requires decompression.

Treatment is by lateral canthotomy. This should be performed as soon as the diagnosis is suspected when vision problems are present. While it is generally best for this to be performed rapidly after the onset of the condition, cases of vision recovery in delayed cases have been reported.

Orbital compartment syndrome is rare. It was first diagnosed in 1950 by Gordon and McRae.