User:Mr. Ibrahem/Pleural effusion

A pleural effusion is excess fluid in the pleural cavity, the space that surrounds the lungs. Symptoms may vary from none to chest pain, coughing, and shortness of breath. The shortness of breath may initially only be present with exercise.

They are divided into two types exudates and transudates. Exudates occur due to inflammation, tumors, infections, or injury to the lung. Transudates occur due to heart failure, kidney problems, liver failure, peritoneal dialysis, or malnutrition. Other causes may include pulmonary embolism, certain medications, following radiation therapy, or esophageal rupture.

Diagnosis is generally confirmed by chest X-ray or ultrasound. Thoracentesis to drain some of the fluid may be done to help determine the underlying cause and treat the condition. Further treatment is than directed towards the underlying cause. About 1.5 million people are affected a year in the United States.