User:Mr. Ibrahem/Premature atrial contraction

Premature atrial contractions (PACs) are early extra beats that arise from the atria of the heart but not the sinoatrial node. They often result in no symptoms but may be felt as a "skipped beat" in the chest. Other symptoms may include anxiety or shortness of breath. The condition is generally not serious, though frequent PACs are a risk factor for atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter.

Often the cause is unclear, though they may occur as a result of coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Risk factors include taking beta blockers or digoxin, alcohol, and pregnancy. Diagnosis is generally by electrocardiogram (ECG), which shows an early but normal QRS complex. In those with frequent PACs an ultrasound of the heart is recommended.

In most cases, no treatment other than reassurance and avoiding triggers is needed. In those who are bothered by the symptoms, beta blockers may be used. Occasionally catheter ablation may be carried out. PACs are common in all age groups.