User:Mr. Ibrahem/Radial head fracture

Radial head fractures are a type of elbow fracture that typically occurs after a fall on an outstretched arm. Symptoms generally include pain and swelling around the elbow. There may also be difficulty moving the elbow or forearm. About 30% of people have additional injuries. Complications may include decreased ability to move the elbow.

Most occur as a result of a fall onto a unbend or minimally bend elbow; though they may also occur due to a direct hit. Diagnosis is generally based on X-rays, though the only indication may be a joint effusion. They may be divided into four main types by the Mason classification.

Treatment is based on the fracture type. If the fracture is well aligned an arm sling for a few days followed by a gradual return to using it normally may be all that is required. If the fracture is misaligned < 2 mm, an arm sling may be worn for a couple of weeks followed by physiotherapy. For fractures with greater misalignment, surgery to place screws or remove peices of bone may be required. For extensive fractures, the radial head may require replacement. After surgery it can take 3 months to return to normal activity.

Radial head fractures are relatively common, occurring in about 1 in 2,500 people a year. They represent about a third of elbow fractures. They most commonly occur in a person's 20s to 60s. Women are more commonly affected than men. The first in-depth classification of radial head fractures was in 1954 by Mark L. Mason.