User:Mr. Ibrahem/Sialadenitis

Sialadenitis is inflammation of a salivary gland. Most commonly it involves the parotid, submandibular, or sublingual glands. There are two main types acute and chronic. The acute type generally results in the sudden onset of one sided pain, fever, and swelling. The chronic types generally results in recurrent episodes of tenderness and swelling, often with eating. Complications can rarely include abscess formation.

The acute form is generally due to a bacterial infection or mumps. The chronic form is often due to narrowing of the duct or a salivary stone. Risk factors include salivary stones, chronic illness, Sjögren syndrome, certain medications, and anorexia. Diagnosis is often based on symptoms and may be supported by medical imaging. Pus may be seen from the duct opening. Other conditions that may present similarly include sialadenosis, Mikulicz syndrome, and salivary gland tumor.

Acute disease is generally treatment with antibiotics. Rehydration, gland message, lemon drops, and vitamin C may also be helpful. Sialoendoscopy may be able to address the underlying cause in chronic cases. Surgery may be required in more complicated cases. Those in their 50s to 70s are most commonly affected. It represents the reason for about 1 to 2 in 10,000 hospital admissions.