User:Mr. Ibrahem/Spermicide

Spermicide is a type of birth control placed in the vagina prior to sex. With typical use pregnancy occurs in about 21% in the first year, while with perfect use rates are about 16%. Some are effective immediately while others require 15 minutes to activate and they work for about an hour. They may be used with a barrier method such as a diaphragm, condom, or cervical cap which increases effectiveness.

Side effects include irritation, allergic reaction (3%), urinary tract infection, and an increased risk of HIV/AIDS. Douching, and possibly bathing, in the six hours after may decrease effectiveness. It does not prevent sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The active ingredient is generally nonoxynol-9 (N-9) which disrupts sperm; though, lactic acid/citric acid/potassium bitartrate is also avaliable. They come in a number of forms including foams, creams, films, and sponges.

Spermicide have been used for thousands of years. As of 2020 it is a relatively infrequently used method of birth control globally. In the United States they are available over the counter. The cost in the United States as of 2024 is generally 60 cents to 3 USD per dose.