User:Mr. Ibrahem/Superficial vein thrombosis

Superficial vein thrombosis (SVT) is a blood clot in a superficial vein (near the skin). Symptoms typically include a red, warm, inflamed, and tender area overlying a vein. The vein often feels hard. Most commonly the legs are involved. Complications may include pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).

Risk factors include varicose veins, pregnancy, certain genetic conditions such as factor V Leiden mutation, cancer, birth control pills, obesity, recent surgery, and heart failure. The underlying mechanism may involve increased clotting, decreased movement, or injury to the vein. The greater saphenous vein is involved about 70% of the time, and the small saphenous vein about 15% of the time. It is a type of thrombophlebitis. Diagnosis is often based on symptoms and confirmed by ultrasound.

In those with low risk disease treatment is often with NSAIDs, heat, and blood thinners. In those with higher risk disease treatment with fondaparinux or apixaban for 45 days is recommended. Compression stockings may be recommended. SVT generally has a good outcome.

One study found a rate of 6 per 1,000 people per year. Women are more commonly affected than men. The typical age of those affected is 60. Those with multiple episodes, known as Trousseau syndrome, should be investigated for cancer. SVT was first described in ancient India by Sushruta.