User:Mr. Ibrahem/Tretinoin

Tretinoin, also known as all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), is medication used for the treatment of acne and acute promyelocytic leukemia. For acne, it is applied to the skin as a cream or ointment. For leukemia, it is taken by mouth for up to three months.

Common side effects when used by mouth include shortness of breath, headache, numbness, depression, skin dryness, itchiness, hair loss, vomiting, muscle pains, and vision changes. Other severe side effects include high white blood cell counts and blood clots. When used as a cream, side effects include skin redness, peeling, and sun sensitivity. Use during pregnancy is contraindicated due to the risk of birth defects. It is in the retinoid family of medications.

Tretinoin was patented in 1957, and approved for medical use in 1962. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Tretinoin is available as a generic medication. In the United Kingdom the cream together with erythromycin costs the NHS about £7.05 per 25 mL while the pills are £1.61 per 10 mg. In 2017, it was the 293rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than one million prescriptions.