User:Mr. Ibrahem/Varicocele

A varicocele is an abnormal enlargement of the veins from a testicle. It may result in one testicle appearing larger than the other and occasionally testicular pain. The left side is more commonly affected, though both may be involved. Complications may include infertility.

The cause is usually unknown. They run in families and occur more often in smokers. The veins that drain the testicle play an important role in temperature regulation. When they malfunction the testicle may overheat which may decrease sperm quality and testosterone levels. Diagnosis is based on examination, and may be confirmed by ultrasound. The may be classified as small, medium, and large.

In mild cases no specific treatment is required. In those with significant symptoms surgery or embolization may be an option. Treatment improves pain about 80% of the time and fertility about 70% of the time. A varicocele occurs in around 20% of all men; but 40% of those with infertility. They often form during puberty and get larger with age.