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Lloyd Montague Mustin

Lloyd Montague Mustin (1911-1999) was a Vice Admiral in the U. S. Navy who served during World War II. He was born at the Navy Yard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to a [[Mustin Family]family] rich in naval tradition. His father, Captain Henry C. Mustin, USN, was a pioneer in naval aviation.  His great grandfather, Commodore Arthur Sinclear, USN, commanded the U.S. Naval Squadron on Lake Ontario during the War or 1812.  His great grandfather, Captain Arthur Sinclair, USN, commanded one of [[Matthew C. Perry ]Commodore Perry's] ships in the opening of Japan and later served as a captain in the Confederate States Navy during the Civil War.

He entered the United States Naval Academy in 1928. After receiving his diploma in 1932, he was assigned to the cruiser Augusta (CA 31). Four years later he was transferred to the destroyer Lamson (DD 367). He received in instruction in ordnance engineering at the Naval Postgraduate School in 1938 before attending the Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he completed course work leading to a Master of Science Degree in Electrical Engineering awarded in June 1940. In the fall of 1940 he was assigned to duty in the Bureau of Ordnance were he served as Assistant Production Office at the Naval Gun Factory, Washington, D.C. took part in developing the Mark 14 gunsight.

At the outbreak of World War II, Mustin was Assistant Gunnery Office of the cruiser Atlanta (CL 51) and was in her when she was sunk during the Battle for Guadalcanal on the night of November 13, 1942. He received the Fleet Commander's Commendation (with ribbon) for outstanding services in the battles. He landed on Guadalcanal with the survivors and served there for three months with the small naval unit attached to the First Marine Division.

In 1943-1944 he had consecutive duty in the cruisers San Diego (CL 53) and Miami (CL 89). He next served as Gunnery, Radar, and CIC Officer on the staff of Commander Battleship Squadron Two, Vice Admiral [[Willis Augustus Lee]Willis A. Lee], USN, and in the summer of 1945 was with Admiral Lee in establishing the Operational Development Force, as Gunnery, Radar, and CIC Officer.

After World War II, Mustin was ordered to the Navy Department, Washington, D.C., for duty as Head of the Fire Control Branch, Research Division, Bureau of Ordnance. This duty was followed by service afloat in command of the destroyer Keppler (DD 765) and later as ASW Officer and Readiness Officer on the Staff of Commander Destroyer Force, Atlantic. Between 1951 and 1954 he was assigned to the Weapons System Evaluation Group, Office of the Secretary of Defense, and after command of the destroyer tender Piedmaont (AD 17), had command of Cruiser-Destroyer Force, Pacific, from April 1957 until May 1958, when he reported as Commander Destroyer Flotilla Two.

While so serving he had additional duty from May to October 1958, in command of Task Force 88, a special task force organized to plan and conduct the Argus high-altitude nuclear tests which were fired in a remote part of the South Atlantic. In October 1958 he assumed additional duty in command of Antisubmarine Defense Group "Charlie", and from February through April 1959 commanded Task force 88 conducting combined ASW training operations with the navies and air forces of the countries on the west coast of South America.

On June 13, 1959, he became Commander Naval Base, Key West, and Commander Key West Force and in May 1960 reported for duty in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, first as Antisubmarine Readiness Executive and then as Director of Antisubmarine Warfare.

On November 30, 1961, he reported to Joint Task Force Eight as Deputy Task Force Commander and Commander Joint Task Group 8.3, to plan and conduct the Dominic series of nuclear tests in the Pacific. On November 2, 1962, he was designated Commander, Joint Task Force Eight, to conduct the remaining Dominic tests and to plan for and conduct future nuclear tests.

On June 1, 1964, he became Director for Operations, J-3, Joint Staff, Joint Chiefs of Staff, Washington, D.C. In May 1967 he became Commander Amphibious Force, U.S. Atlantic Fleet and in July 1968 assumed duty as Director of the Defense Atomic Support Agency, Washington, D.C.  He served in that capacity until relieved of active duty pending his retirement, effective August 1, 1971.

Promotions:

Midshipman, June 14, 1928 Ensign, June 2, 1932 Lieutenant (jg), June 2, 1935 Lieutenant, July 1, 1939 Lieutenant Commander, June 15, 1942 Commander, November 1 1943, to date from November 18, 1942 Captain, January 1, 1951 Rear Admiral, July 1, 1958 Vice Admiral, August 21, 1964

Chronological Record of Naval Service

Jun   	1932     -   	Apr  	1936  	USS Augusta (Gunnery) May 	1936   -  	Jun 	1938  	USS Lamson (Communication and Torpedo Officer) Jul   	1938    -  	Oct 	1940  	Postgraduate School, Annapolis, Maryland and MIT, Cambridge (instruction in ordnance engineering) Oct   1940 	 -  	Aug 1941  	Naval Gun Factory, Washington, D. C. (Assistant Production Officer) Aug 	1941 	-	Nov 1942 	USS Atlanta (Assistant Gunnery Officer) Nov 	1942 	-	Jan 	1943 	Staff, Commander Naval Bases, Solomons (Guadalcanal) (Operations Officer) Feb 	1943 	- 	May 1943 	USS San Diego (Assistant Gunnery Officer) Jun 	1943	- 	Nov 	1944	USS Miami (Gunnery Officer) Nov 	1944	- 	Jun 	1945 	Staff, Commander Battleship Squadron Two (Gun-nery, Radar and CIC Officer) Jun 	1945 	- 	Feb 	1946 	Staff, Commander Operational Development Force (Gunnery, Radar and CIC Officer) Mar 	1946 	- 	Sep 	1948 	Bureau of Ordnance, Navy Department (Head, Fire Control Section, Research and Development Division) Oct 	1948 	- 	Jan 	1950 	USS Keppler (Commanding Officer) Jan 1950 - Jul 51  Staff, Commander Destroyer Force, Atlantic (Readiness Officer) Aug 	1951 	 - 	Sep 	1954 	Weapons System Evaluation Group, Office of the Secretary of Defense, Wash., D. C. (Military Studies and Liaison) Oct 	1954	 - 	Dec 	1955 	USS Piedmont (Commanding Officer) Jan 1956 - Feb 1957  Commander Destroyer Squadron Thirteen Mar 1957 - Mar 1958  Staff, Commander Cruiser-Destroyer Force, Pacific (Chief of Staff and Aide) May 	1958 	- 	May 1959 	Commander Destroyer Flotilla Two Jun 1959 - Jun I960  Commander Naval Base, Key West and Commander Key West Force, Florida Jun 	1960 	- 	Nov 	1961 	Antisubmarine Warfare Readiness Executive, Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, Navy Dept. Nov 	1961	- 	Oct 	1962  	Deputy Joint Task Force Commander, JTF 8, and Commander Joint Task Group 8,3 Oct 	1962 	- 	May	1967 	Commander Joint Task Force Eight Jun 	1960 	- 	May 1967 	Director for Operations, J-3, Joint Staff, Joint Chiefs of Staff, Washington, D. C. May 	1967 	- 	Jul 	1968  	Commander Amphibious Force, U. S. Atlantic Fleet, Wash., D. C. (changed to Defense Nuclear Agency on 1 July 1971) Aug 	1971					Transferred to Retired List of the U. S. Navy

Decorations and Medals:

Distinguished Service Medal, with Gold Star in lieu of 2nd Medal. Legion of Merit, with Gold Star in lieu of 2nd medal. Letter of Commendation (ComSoPac) (Pendant & "V") Letter of Commendation (CinCPac) (Pendant & "V") Presidential Unit Citation (USS Atlanta) Presidential Unit Citation (First Marine Division, Reinforced) American Defense Service Medal American Campaign Medal Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with two silver stars and two bronze stars World War II Victory Meal China Service Medal National Defense Service Medal with bronze star Philippine Liberation Ribbon with two stars Philippine Presidential Unit Citation Badge

Foreign Decorations:

Peruvian Cross of Naval Merit in the Degree of Senior Officer White Badge Decoration of the Grand Star of Military Merit (Republic of Chile)

Citations:

Distinguished Service Medal: "For exceptionally meritorious ser-vice...as Director for Operations, Joint Staff, Organization of the Joint Chief of Staff, from June 196U to May 1967. As Head of the Opera-tions Directorate—the instrument for direction of the unified and specified commands--Vice Admiral Mustin developed a highly efficient and responsive organization, capable of directing a major war effort, from a relatively untested structure.  As a result of his keen and im-aginative guidance, astute judgment, comprehensive knowledge and able administration, complex operational analyses were made, and strategic plans developed and implemented, for two critical national undertakings --intervention in the Dominican Republic crisis of 1965, and combat operations in Southeast Asia. Vice Admiral Mustin played a leading role in formulating the plans for the air campaign against North Viet-nam, and was personally instrumental in developing a combat reporting system to support operational analyses, resulting in reduced aircraft losses. In other fields, he took the lead in refining the National Single Integrated Operations Plan, in improving the national command and control systems, and in applying modern operations analysis techni-ques to military operations at the National level. By his outstanding professional competence and inspiring devotion to duty, Vice Admiral Mustin has rendered exceptionally distinguished service of enduring value to the nation, contributing greatly to the security of the United States. . ." Gold Star in lieu of the Second Distinguished Service Medal: "For meritorious service. . . as Director, Defense Atomic Support Agency, from July 1968 to August 1971 Consistently displaying an outstandingly high degree of professional skill, foresight, Initiative and dedication, (he) successfully directed a wide range of technical, operational and administrative activities which substantially strengthened the entire spectrum of national nuclear weapon capabilities, while at the same time achieving major economies of personnel and money. . . In connection with the exchange of atomic information for mutual defense purposes, he displayed exceptional judgment and diplomacy toward strengthening existing ties and maintaining the most cordial relationships with re-presentatives of North Atlantic Treaty Organization countries in the complex matter of the exchange of sensitive information of a politically delicate context. . ."

Legion of Merit: "For exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding services as Commander Task Force Eighty-Eight, during the period May 22, 1958 through October 1, 1958, in which Task Force Eighty-Eight conducted a particularly complex and difficult special test program of great importance to the Navy. Exercising un-usual technical and professional competence, Rear Admiral Mustin, planned, organized, and personally directed a major task force in carry-ing out extended operations at sea without external logistic support for a period of approximately sixty days. These operations were suc-cessfully completed under the most adverse conditions. By his outstand-ing leadership and inspiring devotion to duty throughout, Rear Admiral Mustin upheld the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service." Gold Star in lieu of the Second Legion of Merit: "For exceptionally meritorious conduct . . . from November 25, 1961 to May 25, 1961 . . . During this period, (he) served as Deputy Commander, Joint Task Force Eight, as Com-mander of the Naval Task Group of that force, and from October 27, 1962 to May 25, 1964 as Commander of Joint Task Force Eight. He directed plan-ning for and execution of the most complex and most successful operations in the history of United States nuclear testing, first as Commander of Naval Forces, the largest Task Force component, and subsequently as Commander of the entire 22,000-man Task Force.  His astute judgment in implementing test objectives resulted in maximum operational effectiveness without the sacrifice of safety for test participants, and enabled the United States to secure an unprecedented volume of very important scientific data that significantly increased its nuclear weapons preparedness and defense capabilities. (He) has been instrumental in achieving a readiness-to-test status which will make possible a rapid United States reaction to abrogation of the Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. His actions have contributed signifi-cantly to the nation's security through the establishment of an atmospheric nuclear test capability which serves as a strong deterrent to the resumption of testing by other nations. . ." Letter of Commendation (ComSoPac): "For devotion to duty under ad-verse conditions while serving on board a ship which was badly damaged during the engagement with Japanese naval forces off Guadalcanal on November 13, 1942. Lieutenant Commander Mustin with complete disregard for his own safety and with outstanding ability organized crews of the remaining guns to repel further attack. He also exposed himself to ex-treme hazard in assisting with damage control measures, and in evaluat-ing the damage to his ship. . ." Letter of Commendation (CinCPac): "For meritorious conduct... while serving as Gunnery Officer of the USS Miami during the Marianas, Western Carolines, Leyte, and Luzon campaigns from December 28, 1943 to February 1, 1945. His professional skill and devotion to duty con-tributed materially to the maintenance of the Gunnery Department in a high state of efficiency, thus enabling the ship to successfully carry out its mission. He assisted his Commanding Officer in fighting the ship during repeated enemy air attacks, shore bombardments on enemy-held territory and extensive operations in support of carrier strikes against the enemy. . ." Presidential Unit Citation (USS Atlanta): "For outstanding per-formance during action against enemy Japanese forces off Guadalcanal Island, November 12/13, 1942. Struck by one torpedo and no less than 49 shells, the Atlanta, after sinking an enemy destroyer and repeatedly hitting a cruiser which later went down, gallantly remained in battle under auxiliary power with one-third of her crew killed or missing, her engine room flooded and her topside a shambles. Eventually suc-cumbing to her wounds after the enemy had fled in defeat, she left be-hind her a heroic example of Invincible fighting spirit." Presidential Unit Citation (First Marine Division, Reinforced): "The officers and enlisted men of the First Marine Division, Reinforced ...demonstrated outstanding gallantry and determination in successfully executing forced landing assaults against a number of strongly defended Japanese positions. . . completely routing all the enemy forces and seiz-ing a most valuable base and airfield within the enemy zone of opera-tions in the South Pacific Ocean. . . This Reinforced Division not only held their important strategic positions despite determined and re-peated Japanese naval, air and land attacks, but by a, series of offensive operations against strong enemy resistance drove the Japanese from the proximity of the airfield and inflicted great losses on them by land and air attacks. . ."

Reference

"Vice Admiral Lloyd Montague Mustin, USN (retired)," Biographical Files, Navy Department Library, Washington, D.C.