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As some researchers have hypothesized, men and women may experience jealousy with equal intensity, but their reactions could arise for different reasons (Buss 1989, p. 739; Symons 1979, p. 245; Tooby and Cosmides 1990, p. 51).

Evocation of Sexual Jealousy
There are cross cultural differences in behaviours that evoke sexual jealousy[29]. Across 7 countries: Hungary, Ireland, Mexico, the Netherlands, the Soviet Union, the United States, and Yugoslavia, different behaviours elicit different extents of sexual jealousy. Flirting, kissing and sexual involvement elicit sexual jealousy across all of the nations. However, dancing, hugging and kissing evoke very different reactions across cultures.In the Soviet Union, the most sexual jealousy is seen across dancing, hugging, flirting and kissing behaviours. Yugoslavian participants display the most intense sexual jealousy to flirting behaviour but the least to kissing. Dutch participants show the least sexual jealousy to kissing, dancing and hugging behaviours.

Sexual Jealousy in Western Cultures
Societies that permit extra-marital sexual relations, often discourage displays of sexual jealousy[30]. For example, in Denmark very low sexual jealousy rates are determined by the very low 10% disapproval of extra-marital sex. On the other hand, individuals in the American Midwest show high feelings of sexual jealousy which corresponds to the 90% disapproval of extra-marital sex[31].

American men. also report 33% more sexual as well as emotional jealousy compared to German men. When asked which would cause more distress: i) a partner having formed a strong emotional attachment with another person or ii) a partner having passionate sexual intercourse with another person, American men reported 33% more sexual jealousy to both scenarios compared to German men[34].

Sexual Jealousy in Eastern Cultures
Cross cultural comparisons between China and United States reveal that regardless of nation, men shower significantly greater sexual jealousy. Females show significantly higher levels of emotional jealousy. Between the nations, men and women from the United States show greater sexual jealousy compared to the Chinese[32].

Male sexual jealousy is prevalent in Eastern cultures in which heritability runs through the male side[33].

Evolutionary Psychological Model
The differences feelings of the jealousy across cultures provides support for the evolutionary psychological model. Different weightings are given to triggers of sexual jealousy cross-culturally. In liberal cultures, male mating effort is based on the number of women. These men invest less time on each woman and therefore exhibit less sexual jealousy[34].

Paternity Certainty
Paternity certainty definition:

Socio-economic differences between cultures affect paternity certainty[33]. "Natural fertility" countries such as Namibia show 96% male sexual jealousy compared to industrialised countries[36]. There is greater likelihood of paternity loss and uncertainty due to lack of contraceptives[36]. This provides another explanation for why industrialised countries tend to show lower sexual jealousy compared to pre-industrialised.