User:Mtj1295/sandbox

History and Development: Trbxv4 (talk) 09:14, 20 March 2018 (UTC)
The HEXACO model was a development that came about due to the desire of researchers to assess personality. Though it was not a direct result of this desire of researchers. It would take decades of effort before the HEXACO model would become established.

Due to the difficulty of this task of assessing personality, it was accepted that a systematic method should be used, and the agreed upon approach was to use factor analysis. This, however, posed a new problem, as determining which traits to use in a factor analysis was a source of much debate. The solution to this problem was based off of the lexical hypothesis. Simply put, this hypothesis suggests that personality traits of importance in a society will lead to the development of words to describe both high and low levels of these traits.

The first use of the lexical approach is attributed to Baumgartner (1933), a Swiss industrial psychologist who used it to categorize words in the German language. Though Baumgartner was the first to use it, she was shortly followed by Allport and Odbert in 1936, who used the approach on the English language. It would be their work, in which they tediously poured through a dictionary and created a list of roughly 18,000 words. That they condensed to just 4500 words that described personality traits.

This list of words was reduced down to 35 terms by researcher Raymond Cattell on which, after allowing other researches to rate, he performed a factor analysis, (Cattell, 1947). The result of the analysis produced 12 factors. Though replications by other researchers failed to produce this number, (most likely due to the developing nature of the factor analysis method). Though the 12 factors were not replicated, there, however, was five traits that were being consistently produced, (Tupes and Christal, 1961; later republished Tupes and Christal, 1992). These 5 traits would become the foundation of the Big 5 model of personality assessment. This five traits would be supported by replication studies that used more words than Cattell had in his previous research.

As the Big 5 became more and more accepted, it lead to researchers wondering if these traits would be consistently found in other languages. After several studies, throughout multiple languages; it was found that the Big 5 was indeed consistently found in other languages. Through the expansion of research into other languages, it was found that there was a sixth trait that kept appear. This trait being what would become the honesty-humility trait.

The discovery of the honesty-humility trait in other languages led researchers to wonder why it wasn't found in the original English language studies. This was answered when modern computers were used to determine that there was indeed an occurrence of this sixth trait in the English language, (Ashton, Lee, & Goldberg, 2004) and (Lee & Ashton, 2008). By using the complete set of words, that had previously been grouped into 75 different clusters (Goldberg, 1990), these replications showed the existence of the sixth trait that was previously missing. This research across cultures, led to the the trait, Honesty-Humility, to being added to the Big 5 and becoming a new model; The HEXACO model Trbxv4 (talk) 07:44, 20 March 2018 (UTC)

Dark Triad and the HEXACO
Relating to the Dark Triad:

- Psychopathy is related to low conscientiousness / low emotionality

- Machiavellianism related to low agreeableness

- narcissism related to high extraversion (ashton textbook)

- Why Toxic People Get Ahead (how the dark triad is related to success) (LINK)

Modern Uses and Research
we're doin stuff here

Repeated information
In the second section, the facets and names of the 6 dimensions are repeated three times. It talks about the dimensions, lists them in a sentence, then puts them in a list format with facets, then mentions how it's measured + facets, and then does another list. Pretty sure that it could do with some reformatting?

DRAFT (removal / restructuring)
''[The first couple paragraphs were fine to me. I moved the last paragraph to be after the third, and then combined the lists together. there was another listing within paragraph 3 that I removed due to its redundancy. I felt that moving the paragraphs next to each other was important, and that the list kind of interrupted the flow of information. Having the how before everything is as important as the what.''

''The new combined list, however, seems clunkier than the last. That may simply be the consequence of meshing the lists together, but at the same time presents the relevant information in one convenient place.''

UPDATE: i published it.]

Research studies based on the lexical hypothesis described above were first undertaken in the English language. Subsequent research was conducted in other languages, including Croatian, Dutch, Filipino, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Korean, Polish, Russian, and Turkish. Comparisons of the results revealed as many as six emergent factors, in similar form across different languages including English.

Personality is often assessed using a self-report inventory or observer report inventory. The six factors are measured through a series of questions designed to rate an individual on levels of each factor. Ashton and Lee have developed self- and observer report forms of the HEXACO Personality Inventory-Revised (HEXACO-PI-R). The HEXACO-PI-R assesses the six broad HEXACO personality factors, each of which contains four "facets", or narrower personality characteristics. (An additional 25th narrow facet, called Altruism, is also included and represents a blend of the Honesty-Humility, Emotionality, and Agreeableness factors.)

The six factors, their facets, and the personality-descriptive adjectives that typically belong to these six groups are as follows:


 *  Honesty-Humility (H): 
 * Facets: Sincerity, Fairness, Greed Avoidance, Modesty
 * Adjectives: Sincere, honest, faithful, loyal, modest/unassuming versus sly, deceitful, greedy, pretentious, hypocritical, boastful, pompous
 *  Emotionality (E): 
 * Facets: Fearfulness, Anxiety, Dependence, Sentimentality
 * Adjectives: Emotional, oversensitive, sentimental, fearful, anxious, vulnerable versus brave, tough, independent, self-assured, stable
 *  Extraversion (X): 
 * Facets: Social Self-Esteem, Social Boldness, Sociability, Liveliness
 * Adjectives: Outgoing, lively, extraverted, sociable, talkative, cheerful, active versus shy, passive, withdrawn, introverted, quiet, reserved
 *  Agreeableness (A): 
 * Facets: Forgivingness, Gentleness, Flexibility, Patience
 * Adjectives: patient, tolerant, peaceful, mild, agreeable, lenient, gentle versus ill-tempered, quarrelsome, stubborn, choleric
 *  Conscientiousness (C): 
 * Facets: Organization, Diligence, Perfectionism, Prudence
 * Adjectives: organized, disciplined, diligent, careful, thorough, precise versus sloppy, negligent, reckless, lazy, irresponsible, absent-minded
 *  Openness to Experience (O): 
 * Facets: Aesthetic Appreciation, Inquisitiveness, Creativity, Unconventionality
 * Adjectives: intellectual, creative, unconventional, innovative, ironic versus shallow, unimaginative, conventional

Past Assignments
Article Evaluation

 Narcissistic Personality Inventory 

This article's content doesn't deviate from the main subject, however it has the problem that it has unnamed sources and unsourced claims. The sources that are there function, but there's a lot of work to do.

In addition, previous contributors left information that is sourced, but is both choppy and doesn't offer much more than the lone sentence. This page's last edit was July 2017, so fairly recent, but it was simply removing it from a subsection. A lot of the other recent edits were minor, pointing out that more citations are needed.

There's only one talk post from 2010, saying that there needs to be more sources.

There just needs to be more citations, more information, more everything.

HEXACO:

Sources:

1) Pathological Narcissism and Narcissistic Personality Disorder (annual review)

2) Ashton Michael C. Individual Differences and Personality 3rd edition academic press 2018

3) Heine, Steve J.cultural psychology 2nd edition W.W. Norton & Company inc

 Things we will be changing about HEXACO article: 

1) Fixing citations to be up to snuff with wikipedia guidelines. Also, probably need to add some citations.

2) Look into altruism as a "narrow facet."

3) Clear up some contradictions mentioned in the talk page. There may be more as we go over the page again.

4) Relationship between Honesty-Humility and the Dark Triad. Machiavellianism needs some expounding,

5) What makes it valid / reliable? Provide statistics.

Ideas for changes/inputs: Possibly look at how the Hexaco can be used to explain differences in music styles across cultures. (~)

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