User:Muhammadsaeednishtar2

Scroll through the images to see the enhancement in the different phases.'

'''Non-enhanced CT (NECT) '''Helpful in detecting calcifications, fat in tumors, fat-stranding as seen in inflammation like appendicitis, diverticulitis, omental infarction etc. Early arterial phase - 15-20 sec p.i. or immediately after bolustracking This is the phase when the contrast is still in the arteries and has not enhanced the organs and other soft tissues. Late arterial phase - 35-40 sec p.i. or 15-20 sec after bolustracking. Sometimes also called "arterial phase" or "early venous portal phase", because some enhancement of the portal vein can be seen. All structures that get their bloodsupply from the arteries will show optimal enhancement. Hepatic or late portal phase - 70-80 sec p.i. or 50-60 sec after bolustracking. Although hepatic phase is the most accurate term, most people use the term "late portal phase". In this phase the liver parenchyma enhances through bloodsupply by the portal vein and you should see already some enhancement of the hepatic veins. Nephrogenic phase - 100 sec p.i. or 80 sec after bolustracking. This is when all of the renal parenchyma including the medulla enhances. Only in this phase you will be able to detect small renal cell carcinomas. Delayed phase - 6-10 minutes p.i. or 6-10 minutes after bolustracking. Sometimes called "wash out phase" or "equilibrium phase". There is wash out of contrast in all abdominal structures except for fibrotic tissue, because fibrotic tissue has a poor late wash out and will become relatively dense compared to normal tissue. This is comparable to late enhancement of infarcted scar tissue in cardiac MRI.'Bold text