User:Musabaevaeenlik2002/Syrym Datov

Syrym Datov-(1753, current Syrym district of West Kazakhstan region -1802) — Sergeant major of the Kazakh kind of baybakta, the leader of the anti-government movement of the Kazakhs of the Kishi zhuz 1783-1797 in years.

There is evidence that Syrym Datov took part in the Peasant war of 1773-75 under the leadership of Yemelyan Pugachev. The report of A. V. Suvorov to count P. I. Panin of June 22, 1775 in which he reports about S. Datov as one of active participants of revolt remained. In any case, the Kazakh unrest was a direct continuation of those events.

In 1775, Empress Catherine II granted the Kazakhs some rights, in particular, allowed to legally use pastures in the winter between the Urals and the Volga. But the Ural Cossack army did not like these concessions, began the inevitable in such cases, the friction, the conflict, the Kazahs demanded the abandonment of the hostages-hostages that transitions through their lands, payment of land used in the cattle drive.

Attempts to reform the system of Kazakh clans of the Kishi Zhuz, which would allow the Imperial administration to restore order. One such effort was the convening of peculiar steppe Parliament — the national Assembly in 1785. Orenburg Governor-General Baron Igelstrom quickly realized that the convening of the meeting was a mistake. Its head was chosen Syrym Datov, not Khan Nuraly of Kishi Zhuz. As a result, the Khan, who lost all popularity, was forced to flee under the protection of Russia. The meeting was turned into a kind of Polish Sejm, the time of the noble freemen. Since 1783 there is a continuous struggle in which the tsarist administration tried to restore peace and tranquility, from the Kazakh side more and more demands for de facto independence were put forward.

Despite all the concessions, among the Kazakhs remained anti-government sentiment and the Royal administration in 1791 announces the return of the Khan's power, appointing Sultan Yessim Khan. In response Syrym Datov actually declares war on Russia and kills her protégé Yesima, begin numerous raids on the border line, did not stop for ten years. In 1797, pursued by the sultans Raw Datov forced to migrate with his countrymen to the South, the land of the khanate of Khiva. In 1802 he died, according to some reports was poisoned by enemies. Even in the youth of Syrym, the elderly Batyr Tama Eset told him: "the Enemy is close, and we have troubles. Not all at once go for the warrior. And not all will follow you." And, adds the legend, "the words of the old Eset have come true. Not listening to the people. Lends itself to the sultans, which Khan need to... Say, shed tears then Syrym. Remember Eset. I remembered the words: not given him a worthy horse, not given an obedient people." (CGIA of the Kazakh SSR, f. 544, D. No. 327, l. 6.).

In 1947, the Russian historian Mikhail Vyatkin published the book "Batyr Syrym", for which he received the Stalin prize. But times quickly changed and in some years the name of Syrym Datov appeared in the USSR under a ban.

In modern Kazakhstan, the name of Syrym Datov by the efforts of the ruling circles has acquired the importance of the leader of the national liberation movement aimed at overthrowing the tsarist government. Long-term searches of the grave Syrym-Batyr recently successfully came to the end. In 60 km from Urgench there was a burial known under the name "Gaip-ATA", sharply differing from local Uzbek. "Gaip" means "alien", "unknown". West Kazakhstan expedition of scientists and local historians on a number of factors established that this is the mausoleum of Syrym Datov. In 2007, a memorial gravestone of black marble with the inscription "Gaip-Ata-Syrym Datov "Was opened in the village of Gurlen Of Khorezm region near the mausoleum.

Memory
In 2000 in the city of Uralsk the equestrian monument to Datov is established.

In the place where according to legends the people's liberation movement was born- Syrym district of the West Kazakhstan region named by the people Syrym -Tobe (Syrym Hill), in 2007 the memorial complex of Syrym Datov is constructed. Date of death of Syrym Datov is unknown to nobody. According to the brief encyclopedia of Kazakhstan, it is not known whether he died or not. The death of another remains in question. Thus, we can say that the Syrym Datov is "Eternally alive".