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Comparative Metabolomics
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae has been proven to have a more linear metabolome in comparison to other bacterial species. This means that the pathogen has less parallel paths and is less interconnected in comparison to similar bacterial species including B.subtilis and Escherichia Coli. For example, Mycoplasma Pneumoniae has less complex interactions per pathway on average than E.coli. An additional example to support the statement that Mycoplasma Pneumoniae is more linear than other model bacteria, particulalry E.coli, can be shown in the Glycolysis metabolic pathway. Mycoplasma Pneumoniae and E.coli have the same number of regulatory enzymes in its Glycolysis pathway with 14, but when looking at a map of its Glycolysis pathways, the Mycoplasma Pneumonaie one is linearly connected, while the E. coli map has more sprawling nodes on its interaction tree.

Since Mycoplasma Pneuomiae is a reduced genome, it has a smaller number of overall paths and regulatory enzymes, which contributes to the overall effect of its linear metabolome. A linear metabolome causes Mycoplasma Pneumoniae to be less adaptable to external factors. However, the enzymes regulating the metabolome of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae tend to be less redundant, both in factors of enzyme paralogy and energy topology. Additionally, since Mycoplasma Pneumoniae is a reduced genome, the majority of its metabolic enzymes are essential. This is in contrast to another model organism, Escherichia coli, in which only 15% of its metabolic enzymes are essential. Essentially, the metabolome of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae, due to its reduced genome, has more enzymes regulating its metabolome with essential function than other model organisms. In summary, the linear topology of Mycoplasma Pneumonaie's metabolome leads to reduced efficiency in its metabolic reactions, but still maintains similar levels of metabolite concentrations, cellular energetics, adaptability, and global gene expression. The table above depicts the mean path length for the metabolomes of M.Pneumonaie, E.Coli, L.Lactis, and B.Subtilis. This number describes, essentially, the mean number of reactions that occur in the metabolome. Mycoplasma Pneuomonaie, on average, has a high number of reactions per path within its metabolome in comparison to other model bacterial species.

One effect of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae’s unique metabolome is its longer duplication time. It takes the pathogen significantly more time to duplicate on average compared to other model organism bacteria. This may be due to the fact that Mycoplasma Pneumoniae’s metabolome is less efficient than that of Escherichia coli.

The metabolome of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae can also be informative in analyzing its pathogenesis. Extensive study of the metabolic network of this organism has led to the identification of biomarkers that can potentially reveal the presence of the extensive complications the bacteria can cause. Metabolomics is increasingly being used as a useful tool for the verification of biomarkers of infectious pathogens.