User:MyMoloboaccount/sandbox/Forced labour under German rule during First World War

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Ulrich Herbert shows that forced and slave labor in Nazi Germany had its roots in a long tradition of discrimination against foreign workers in which even German workers participated to some degree. Wilhelmine Germany employed workers from all over Europe, but Poles were the most significant contingent and appeared to constitute the most important political and cultural threat. Polish workers were admitted only as temporary or "seasonal laborers" and had to submit to special regulations which deprived them of most of the rights allowed to "native" Germans. During the First World War, Russian and Polish civilian workers, who before 1914 had been required periodically to leave Germany were now forced to stay in the country and their movements and work habits were subjected to harsh controls. Thousands of Belgians were al

Nazism and German Society, 1933-1945 - Page 219

David F. Crew - 1994 -

Crimes Against Humanity: Historical Evolution and Contemporary - Page 376 M. Cherif Bassiouni - 2011 - One example was Germany's forced deportation of thousands of Belgian men to Germany to work in factories during World War I: Beginning [on] October 26, 1916, occupation authorities in Belgium began deporting civilians to Germany to use in a forced-labor program.

Hitler: study of a revolutionary? - Page 127 Martyn Housden - 2000 Poles had a long history of choosing to migrate to Germany in search of work. Some had even been drafted as forced labour during the First World War ( Herbert, 1 997, chapter 2)

the use of labour, such as prisoners of war, were increasingly ignored. In the First World War, Germany had already used Belgian and Polish forced labourers in such a way that that many did not survive while others were crippled for life Occupied Economies: An Economic History of Nazi-Occupied Europe, ... - Page 25 Hein A.M. Klemann, Sergei Kudryashov

The Great War, 1914-1918 - Page 368 Ian Frederick William Beckett - 2007 In October 1916, forced labour deportations began from Belgium, Hindenburg and Ludendorff having demanded that 200,000 workers be found. Ironically, so many were deported to Germany that they could not be adequately employed and, in any case, the physical condition of the ... By 1918, an estimated 700- 800,000 Polish workers had also been deported to Germany, in addition to those forced into in addition to those forced into Ziviarbeiter Bataillonen in Poland itself

1917: Beyond the Western Front - Page 10 Ian Frederick William Beckett - 2009 - Controversy also dogged Ludendorff's attempts to exploit the labour of German- occupied Belgium and the Polish territory held since 1915 by the Central Powers, efforts that foreshadowed Germany's forced- labour policies of the Second World

Sovereignty and the Search for Order in German-occupied Poland, 1915--1918 Jesse Curtis Kauffman Stanford University - 2008 Other aspects of German economic policy, such as strict rationing, the dismantling of factories (which virtually destroyed Congress Poland's industry), and the use of forced labor, had similarly detrimental effects

The Totalitarian Experiment in Twentieth Century Europe: ... - Page 200

David D. Roberts - 2006 War, vulnerability, and the quest for an alternative modernity in Germany Coming at a time of increasing social ... In exploiting the economy of occupied Belgium, for example, the Germans compelled 62,000 Belgians to work in German factories under conditions of virtual slave labor