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9to5, National Association of Working Women is an organization established in 1973 that addresses both women's and labor issues, which is dedicated to improving working conditions and ensuring the rights of women and families in the United States.

The national organization has chapters in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Colorado, California, and Atlanta, Georgia. The organization had as many as 12,000 members across 25 chapters in different cities.

The group has its origins in 9to5 News, a newsletter that was first published in December 1972. About a year later, the newsletter's publishers announced the formation of Boston 9to5, a grassroots collective for women office workers that addressed issues such as low pay, lack of opportunities for advancement, sexual harassment in the work place, and overall respect for them.

One of the organization's earliest victories included a class-action suit filed against several Boston publishing companies that awarded the female plaintiffs $1.5 million in back pay. In 1975 the founders of 9to5 joined with the Service Employees International Union (SEIU) and formed Local 925 of the SEIU in Boston in order to help office workers gain access to collective bargaining rights.

Members
In 1977, 9to5 Boston merged with Cleveland Women Working (established 1975 primarily by Helen Williams) to create the Cleveland-based Working Women Organizing Project. Based in Cleveland from 1977 to 1993, the national organization was a coalition of like minded associations and was headed by Karen Nussbaum, one of Boston 9to5's founders. Nussbaum was the executive director of 9to5 while also being the president of Local 925 until 1993. Karen Nussbaum's involvement in the organization began with her friend Ellen Cassedy, whom she met at Harvard University, working as secretaries. Together they founded the Boston 9to5 after several years of recruitment and formations of smaller like-minded groups.

Ellen Cassedy held the role of recruiting, organizing, and contacting potential members, as well as handling relations with bosses and CEOs of other organizations. She trained at The Midwest Academy serving as a scout to learn the basics of union organization.

Debbie Schneider worked for the women's organization of office workers in New York City, and eventually joined 9to5 in Cincinnati, Ohio. While apart of the organization, she was in charge of organizing university clericals.

Nine to Five (film)
The group was later known as the National Association of Working Women. Members of this group met with Jane Fonda and served as an inspiration for the smash-hit comedy, 9 to 5, featuring Fonda, Dolly Parton and Dabney Coleman, among others. The film focuses on clerical working women, their experiences at work, and the overall activism of the 9 to 5 women during the 1970s, and the unionizing of the 1980s.

Continued Efforts
In 1981, the National Association of Working Women formed a national-level partnership with SEIU and formed SEIU District 925, a nationwide labor union for office workers. After several name changes, the organization adopted its current name in 1983, and "9to5, National Association of Working Women" evolved into the largest membership organization of working women in the United States. During the 1980s and 1990s, 9to5 focused on issues such as the effects of automation, pay inequities, medical leave, and racial and sexual harassment and discrimination. The organization effectively used the media and lobbied legislators as part of a campaign to warn the public of the health dangers of video display terminals (also known as VDTs) and has also used the media to draw attention to several sexual harassment cases in the 1990s.

As part of its educational efforts, 9to5 established the Job Retention Project in 1987 to assist office workers in developing time-management, goal-setting, and problem-solving skills. In addition, the organization publishes fact sheets, newsletters, and books, such as The Job/Family Challenge: A 9to5 Guide (1995), by Ellen Bravo, that keep workers abreast of current issues.

Among other issues, 9to5 actively promotes workplace policies such as paid sick leave, equal pay, and an end to discrimination for hiring or firing based on gender or sexual orientation. 9to5 additionally staffs a "Job Survival Helpline," a phone center to give support to women facing difficulties or challenges in the workplace.