User:N207 Group F (2018-2019)/sandbox/New Nursing Theories

New Nursing Theories

Helen Erickson
Helen C. Erickson was born in 1936. She earned her graduate degree from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor in the mid-1970s. It was during this time she met Evelyn M. Tomlin, and it was their discussions that began the research into the Modeling and Role Modeling Theory of nursing. In 1986, Erickson began serving as an Associate Dean of Academic Affairs at the University of South Carolina.

Modeling and role-modeling Theory
Modeling and Role Modeling theory was developed by Helen C. Erickson, Evelyn M. Tomlin, and Mary Ann P. Swain The theory was published in their book Modeling and Role Modeling: A Theory and Paradigm for Nursing, in 1983. This theory is considered as a philosophy of nursing. The Theory of Modeling and Role-Modeling enables nurses to care for and nurture each client with an awareness of and respect for the individual's uniqueness which exemplifies theory-based clinical practice that focuses on the clients' needs. (Sappington, 1996)

Major Concepts
The theory draws concepts from

Maslow's theory of hierarchy of needs Erikson's theory of psychosocial stages Piaget's theory of cognitive development General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) by Selye and Lazarus Commonalities and Differences (Barbara L. Irvin, 1997)

The theory explains about some commonalities and differences among people.


 * 1) Commonalities among people are:


 * Holism
 * Basic Needs
 * Affiliated-Individuation
 * Attachment and Loss
 * Psychosocial Stages
 * Cognitive Stages


 * 1) Differences among people are:


 * Inherent Endowment
 * Model of the World
 * Adaptation
 * Adaptation Potential
 * Stress
 * Self-Care
 * Self-Care Knowledge
 * Self-Care Resources
 * Self-Care Action

Phil Barker
With more than 40 years experience in the field of psychiatric nursing, Phil Barker was the United Kingdom's first professor of psychiatric nursing at Newcastle University. He is currently a psychotherapist and honorary professor at the University of Dundee in Scotland. He has authored more than a dozen books, including the Tidal Model of Mental Health Recovery and Reclamation. Barker was awarded an honorary doctorate at the Oxford Brookes University in 2001.

Carl Jung
Carl Jung was an early supporter of Freud because of their shared interest in the unconscious. He was an active member of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society (formerly known as the Wednesday Psychological Society). When the International Psychoanalytical Association formed in 1910 Jung became president at the request of Freud. However in 1912 while on a lecture tour of America Jung publicly criticized Freud’s theory of the Oedipus complex and his emphasis on infantile sexuality. The following year this led to an irrevocable split between them and Jung went on to develop his own version of psychoanalytic theory.

Letty G. Kuan
Born on November 19, 1936 in Katipunan-Dipolog, Zamboanga del Norte Master degree in Nursing and Guidance and Counseling. She also holds a Doctoral degree in Education. Has a vast contribution to the University of the Philippines College of Nursing Faculty and Academic achievements. She is now a Professor Emeritus, a title awarded only to a few who met the strict criteria.She has two Masters Degrees, M.A in Nursing and M.S in Education, Major in Guidance and Counseling, culminating in Doctor of Education (Guidance and Counseling). ★ Has a Clinical Fellowship and Specialization in Neuropsychology in University of Paris, France (Salpetriere hospital). ★ Neurogerontology in Watertown, New York (Good Samaritan Hospital ) and Syracuse University, New York.

Kolcaba's Theory of Comfort
Kolcaba’s Theory of Comfort is a broad-scope middle range theory that contains concepts and relationships that is adaptable to a wide range of practice settings and experiences, can be built from many sources and it can be tested and measured.[1] It also qualifies as a middle range theory because of its direct applicability to nursing practice. It is broad in the sense that it also considers nursing practice holistically, however the concepts of the theory can be used separately or in combination with each other in nursing practice settings[1] Kolcaba’s theory is consistent with the values of the nursing profession such as care, holism, homeostasis, symptom management, interactions, healing environment, and identification of needs.[8] Kolcaba defines comfort as “the immediate state of being strengthened through having the human needs for relief, ease and transcendence” [10] meet in four domains: physical, psychospiritual, sociocultural, and environmental.[9]