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The post-mortem interval (PMI) is the time that has elapsed since an individual's death. When the time of death is not known, the interval may be estimated, and so an approximate time of death established. There are standard medical and scientific techniques supporting such an estimation.

There are analytical techniques that can be used to determine the post-mortem interval:


 * Forensic entomology: insect (especially blowfly) activity on the corpse.
 * Ocular changes: vitreous chemistry composition, eye structural changes.
 * State of decomposition: autolysis (process of self-digestion) and putrefaction (process caused by bacteria found within the body).

More advanced methods include DNA quantification, infrared spectroscopy, and for buried individuals changes in soil composition such as the levels of methane, phosphates and nitrates, ninhydrin-reactive nitrogen, volatile organic compounds, and water conductivity, could also reveal the time of death.