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ORGANIZATION PSYCHOLOGY

Organizational psychology is a field of psychology that studies human behavior in organizations and workplaces. It focuses on the nature of work, the structure and design of organizations, and the behavior of individuals and groups within these organizations.

Social exchange theory. This theory suggests that individuals engage in social relationships with others in organizations based on a cost benefit analysis of the rewards and the costs of those relationships. It emphasizes the importance of fairness and reciprocity in these relationships.

Attribution Theory. This theory suggests that individuals make interferences about the causes of events or behaviors based on the information available to them. It emphasizes the importance of understanding how individual interpret events within the organization.

Goal-setting theory.This theory suggests that setting specific, challenging goals can motivate individuals to perform better. It emphasizes the importance of feedback in achieving those goals.

Job characteristic theory.This theory focuses on the design of jobs and the ways in which specific job characteristic such as autonomy, feedback and skill variety can affect employee motivation and performance.

Equity theory. This theory suggests that individuals compare their own inputs and outcomes to those of other in the organization to determine whether they are being treated fairly. It emphasizes the importance of perceptions of fairness in motivating and retaining employees.