User:NasEliza/sandbox

Personal interests:

Music: Foals Crime Documentaries: making a murderer Design: Art Nouveau

Academic Interests:

Criminal justice systems: Criminal justice Moral Philosophy: moral philosophy Sociology: Sociology

''' Minor edit for wiki lab ''' Original: Steven Allan Avery (born July 9, 1962) is an American convicted murderer from Manitowoc County, Wisconsin,[1] who had previously been wrongfully convicted in 1985 of sexual assault and attempted murder. After serving 18 years of a 20-year sentence, he was exonerated by DNA testing and released, only to be charged with murder two years later.[2][3] In December 2017, a panel of seven judges of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit ruled in favor of upholding the original conviction by a vote of 4 to 3, ruling that police had properly obtained Dassey's confession.[8]

edit: Steven Allan Avery (born July 9, 1962) is an American man from Manitowoc County, Wisconsin [1] convicted of murdering Teresa Halbach in 2005. Avery had been previously wrongfully convicted in 1985 of sexual assault and attempted murder. After serving 18 years of a 20-year sentence, he was exonerated by DNA testing and released, only to be charged with murder two years later.[2][3] After many years of fighting the conviction, a panel of seven judges of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit ruled in favour of upholding the original conviction by a vote of 4 to 3. The ruling, which took place in December 2017, entailed that police had properly obtained a confession from Avery's nephew [8], convicting him in the process.

Article action plan

Revise an existing article; I would like to revise the article on Misandry https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misandry. I believe there is not enough information provided on this topical issue. I would like to incorporate more sociological information and analysis that has occurred. I believe this is an important issue that needs greater discussion and analysis.

I believe this is a notable issue as it deals with the current gender equality issues that are currently being discussed in the global social sphere. The article only goes surface level on some of the issues that have occurred in recent times that may be considered as misandry. I wish to do some reading on the sociological theories that exist on male inequality and what movements have surfaced with the rise of gender equality. Perhaps I will write a paragraph on INCELS and the difference between misogyny and misandry. there has been a lot of heated debate between the two groups that defend these issues, so I believe it is important to create an article on misandry that is unbiased and discusses how this term has come about and what social and political issues have risen with it.

The research I wish to conduct will include articles, webpages and peer reviewed resources on misandry and gender equality. I want to ensure that any changes I make are important and current; that there is a reason I am making these changes. I believe the information that is currently on the webpage is important and correct, but I believe it needs to be more detailed to ensure a better and more current discussion on the gender issues that occur with misandry.

ACTIVIST ARTICLE: Misandry

For my activist article I have decided to focus on three sections of the wikipedia article on Misandry. The Male disposability, Asymmetry with misogyny and In government policy all needed reworking to ensure they included further resources and less bias to them. Misandry is a topical issue and therefore there must be plenty of peer-reviewed resources in order to provide an accurate and unbiased account of the social issue.

—Male disposability

One idea that has added to the idea of misandry existing in modern day society, is the idea that male life is something that is disposable. Educator and Feminist activist Warren Farrell has written of his views on how men are uniquely marginalised in what he calls their "disposability", the manner in which the most dangerous occupations, notably soldiering and mining, were historically performed exclusively by men and remain so today. Although, it could be argued that men were placed into these positions due to the societal belief that only males were strong enough to be placed into dangerous roles. There is also the historical belief that women are precious beings, designed specifically for child rearing, therefore such occupations like soldiering or mining would be inappropriate

In his book, The Myth of Male Power, Farrell argues that patriarchal societies do not make rules to benefit men at the expense of women. Farrell contends that nothing is more telling about who has benefited from "men's rules" than life expectancy, which is lower in males, and suicide rates, which are higher. Of course, there is more to the life expectancy of males than just a prejudice towards male life. Yet, as far as misandry is concerned, there are real societal concerns for how mental and physical health is more likely to be dismissed compared to female health

Concerning male disposability, social psychologist Roy F. Baumeister has written:

When the news media report some disaster, they sometimes use the phrase "even women and children" if such are among the victims ... The phrase expresses the point that men’s lives are valued less ... [than] anyone else’s life ... This is more than just disrespect. It helps remind each man that, in a desperate situation, he is expected to give up his life quickly and readily and without complaint if doing so will save a woman or child...One of the most famous disasters of the twentieth century was the sinking of the Titanic ... [The life-boat] seats were given to the women, while the men stayed on board to drown ... [The] richest men had a lower survival rate (34%) than the poorest women (46%). That fact ...should give serious pause to anyone who hews to the conventional wisdom (or feminist critique) that society is set up to favor the rich and powerful men at the expense of everyone else ... The idea of "patriarchy," even despite its fallacy of ignoring all the men at the bottom of society, entails that surely these privileged members of the male power elite are regarded by the culture as more valuable than anyone else ... Yet their lives were not worth as much as the lives of the lower-class women down in steerage ... Those women had hardly any money or power or status, but yet simply by virtue of being female, they were privileged to get some of the too-few seats in the lifeboats while the well-dressed gentlemen stood on the deck and silently watched them leave.

Baumeister has written a very emotive piece on how the historical disposability of men, despite their social status or wealth, can lead to damaging ideas on individual worthiness. The 21st century has seen the issue of male mental health become a front for social movements to accepting mental disorders. Statistically speaking, men in the UK perform worse than females in education and have higher rates of anxiety and suicide. Whether or not the disposability of male life has correlation to rates of suicide and poor health amongst men is a topic that needs more exploration.

—In Government Policy

In November 2015, it was reported that the Canadian government was going to resettle thousands of Syrian refugees, but they would exclude single men. Only single women, families and unaccompanied minors would be taken in. In 2017, an article in News Deeply claimed that similar policies were still being carried out. The author went on to say that resettlement countries are acting on the bigoted stereotype of Arab men as dangerous potential terrorists, rather than as the vulnerable refugees and survivors. These issues are complex though and contain several prejudices towards race, sex and religion. It is a social issue that is grossly ingrained in Western Societies, becoming more prevalent since the dawn of 9/11. Laws like the one proposed in Canada are created from the belief that men are more dangerous than women, and those from Arab dominated regions are a threat to Western societies.

In the United Kingdom, the Labour government proposed new laws to make misogyny a hate crime in 2018. This led to backlash from believers of misandry, stating that if there should be laws against misogyny, then the same rightfully should exist for misandry. The proposed laws were not enacted but issued debate over the two concepts symmetry and whether they are equally an issue in society. As misandry is a social concept about social prejudices, there are great difficulties in getting it recognised as a hate crime.

Following on from the proposal to have misogyny as a hate crime, something that is punishable by the law, is the understanding that a lot of these issues are nuance. An interaction or social scenario may have different meanings depending on who is analysing it. One political scientist argues that "Yes, laws can be a deterrent, but is the primary purpose of legislation to send a message about social mores, however unacceptable?...Misogyny, however, is hard to define. There is often arguable context and the law here is a blunt instrument...is virtue-signalling legislation capitalising on a current outrage the sustainable answer to tackle what has become almost a social norm?" . Proposing that perhaps jailing or fining those who commit misogyny will not reduce the act, but rather will continue to cause a divide.

—Asymmetry with misogyny

Misandry and misogyny relate to each other in the simple fact that they are opposites to each other. Those who believe that misogyny exists in modern culture are often seen as being discriminatory towards men, as if the idea of misogyny applies to all men. This is not what the theory of misogyny aims to explain though; it is simply prejudice towards women, as misandry is prejudice towards men. These ideas can come through a variety of sources and structures, and affect each other.

Sociologist Allan G. Johnson argues in The Gender Knot: Unravelling our Patriarchal Legacy that accusations of man-hating have been used to put down feminists and to shift attention onto men, reinforcing a male-centred culture. Johnson asserts that culture offers no comparable anti-male ideology to misogyny and that "people often confuse men as individuals with men as a dominant and privileged category of people" and that "[given the] reality of women's oppression, male privilege, and men's enforcement of both, it's hardly surprising that every woman should have moments where she resents or even hates men". Johnson examines how the ideas of misogyny and misandry are created to spread awareness of possible social inequalities but can unfortunately be shifted into a competition between the genders.

Not all theorists believe that misandry and misogyny are asymmetrical, arguing that comparing the two ignores the history of oppression and prejudice that has occurred. Marc A. Ouellette argues in International Encyclopedia of Men and Masculinities that "misandry lacks the systemic, trans-historic, institutionalized, and legislated antipathy of misogyny"; in his view, assuming a parallel between misogyny and misandry overly simplifies relations of gender and power.

It has been argued that although misandry does exist in all societies, it is in no way comparable to the systematic oppression of females throughout human history. Anthropologist David D. Gilmore argues that misogyny is a "near-universal phenomenon" and that there is no male equivalent to misogyny,further defending manifestations of perceived misandry as not "hatred of men's traditional male role" and a "culture of machismo". He argues that misandry is "different from the intensely ad feminam aspect of misogyny that targets women no matter what they believe or do". Misandry should be understood as the prejudice that occurs towards men not because of the understanding that society is a misogynistic structure, but rather because of outside and internal influences that have shaped male identity since the dawn of humanity.