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Genetics article:

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Somatostatin receptor 2

Introduction
The Somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2), which belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor family, is a gene that codes for a protein which functions at many places in the body, including tumors, but has highest activity in the brain. In humans, SSTR2 activity is observed in the adrenal, brain, kidney, liver, prostate, stomach, spleen and many more body parts. SSTR2 can function as an inhibitor, receptor and even stimulate development. Since SSTR2 has much functionality, researchers are looking at the potential of utilizing SSTR2 in a number of areas. The somatostatin receptor 2 is effective in that it keeps the systems of the body in check. SSTR2 is located on chromosome 17 on the long arm in position 25.1 in humans. This gene can be found in many species but is observed mainly in mammals. This gene functions in animals including cows, pigs, mice, dogs, guinea pigs, wild yaks, and even some species of fish to name a few. The SSTR2 gene is extremely useful in many areas and is especially observed in the medical field. SSTR2 is known to be useful for identification and even inhibition of tumors, cancers and other processes that get the body out of balance. Neuroendocrine tumors will over-express the somatostatin receptor 2 to either control the tumor or inhibit tumor growth completely. This action of inhibiting or even terminating tumor growth is exactly why somatostatin receptor 2 may be so valuable. The expression of somatostatin receptor 2 is found in most tumors. The over-expression of somatostatin receptor 2 allows for greater ability to target certain signals in order to inhibit the tumor growth. SSTR2 being expressed in the central nervous system and pancreas also aids in neuroendocrine tumors by assisting to anticipate response to radio-peptide therapy. Somatostatin receptor 2 also has the ability to stimulate apoptosis in many cells including cancer cells. Though this may be either positive or negative, apoptosis stimulation could be utilized in a positive way. SSTR2 has even been shown to have increased levels in people with certain cancers such as prostate and breast cancer. In this way, the somatostatin receptor 2 is somewhat of a defense system by inhibiting, receiving or stimulating when needed in order to keep the body in the correct condition. Cancer researchers are even looking at the somatostatin receptor 2 gene as a possible treatment in cancer patients because of its ability to inhibit tumor growths. Cancer researchers may look at exploiting the somatostatin receptor in cancer patients once it is determined how the somatostatin receptor interacts with cancer cells differently than with normal cells. The somatostatin receptor 2 has shown to be very effective and useful component in the body which may be utilized further in the medical field in the future. While SSTR2 may have ability to be utilized in medicine, SSTR2 is an integral component used to maintain the intricate vitality of the organism in which it operates. SSTR2 being not yet fully understood may be a key to unlock great breakthrough in future medicine.