User:Nazli Hussain Khorshed/sandbox

=Policies and practices=

The important dimensions that play a major role in building a systematic and effective e‐governance system can be represented in terms of SPOT framework representing the social, political, organizational and technological aspects as follows:


 * 1) The Social Framework:

Government acquaints the people about government portals, websites, and other e-services. In addition to initiating strong campaigns through all the possible communication channels to help higher rate of citizen participation. Such campaigns can be in the form of mailing newsletters, advertisement in the news‐papers, sponsoring workshops and seminars, displaying posters and banners, use of media services etc. These kinds of awareness initiatives encourage citizen participation and involvement and thereby incentivize them for e‐governance service usage. Egypt enhances citizen awareness through campaigns and field tours targeting different municipals starting from the country side to increase the understanding and acceptance of e-services and what it has to offer, also according to prime minister Mr. Moustafa Madboulythere will be periodic meetings with various media channels in order to explain to the people new policy changes and disclose the government`s plan. .
 * 1) Citizen Awareness

Includes teaching the citizens about ICT and its uses, and providing computer literacy education. Egypt has always provided the basic education for computers and ICTs. Recently it launched a heated campaign to increase the usage of ICTs in schools through targeting 607 schools to be prepared and equipped with ICT facilities, icluding computers, projectors, and relevant equipment.
 * 1) Citizen Training and Education:


 * 1) The Political Framework:


 * 1) The Political/ Governmental Support: Involves an accountable, transparent, and continuous top managerial support, which ensures a smooth and fruitful implementation with a minimized citizen-resistance and comprehensive communication among different governmental departments and the citizens. This requires a continuous co‐operation, co‐ordination and communication among the departments and people engaged at higher authority to secure a successful project implementation.


 * 1) The Leadership: leadership is closely related to the political context, because the success of e-government projects is ultimately dependent upon the high level of commitment and accountable attitude of the political party ruling at the time of the implementation of the project. Therefore, leadership is one of the effective mechanisms that lead to the successful implementation of e‐governance system in society.


 * 1) Funding: E‐government system projects are long‐term projects and thus requires a long‐term financial support to be provided.

Hence, for a healthy political framework any country must ensure communicative, accountable, transparent, and effective leading government. This has been reflected in the Egyptian initiative "Enhance Efficiency and Accountability of the Public Sector in Egypt through Information and Communication Technology" targeting an enhanced political and governmental operations. the project is designed as a multi-level intervention where e-Government solutions are applied so as to expand efficiency and accountability of Public Sector’s processes, improve the delivery of services to the citizen, and enhance coordination among different government entities. It provides technical assistance to Ministry of State for Administrative Development (MSAD), with regard to the following areas:


 * Integration of national databases to enhance inter-agency coordination.
 * Modernization of existing Personnel Offices on the model of Human Resources offices.
 * Enhancement of Government to citizen services and establishment of new channels for service provision.
 * Communication strategy to promote the use of e-Government services.
 * Enhancement of MSAD South South cooperation strategy on e-Government.

The project has proven quite effective and efficient as it helped with:
 * Supporting the democratic transition by providing informational and technical support to the electoral process in Egypt starting with the referendum of March 19th, the People’s Assembly and consultative council elections and the presidential elections. That was achieved by creating a database of voters, which gave great credibility to the elections, and providing service inquiry committees for election through the website during both elections.


 * Improve law enforcement by increasing the ability to monitor the implementation of provisions. This is achieved through reviewing, re-engineering and documenting the procedural cycle of litigation and the implementation of judgments. A national database of judicial provisions was also established as well as an information system to manage suits. Administrative procedures are managed by the Judicial Information Center.


 * Implement a One-Window system for government services in many service offices including:

- 132 city councils

- 75 courthouses

- 150 Traffic Units in 25 governorates


 * The creation of Bawaba Egypt to facilitate the procedures and automation of government services by providing 200 electronic services including: vacant government jobs, mortgage support fund services, medical care, e-government tenders, among many others.


 * Improving the social justice system by creating the Egypt e-Family Smart Card to provide subsidized services including health insurance, education, transport and fuel.

The project was funded by Ministry of State for Administrative Development (MSAD) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).

=Policies of e-government in Egypt=


 * 1) Issuing a law for E-signature and transactions through networks.
 * 2) Setting standards for E-payment
 * 3) Applying the Public key Infrastructure mechanism.
 * 4) Polarizing IT specialists to work for the government, and implementing an incetive scheme.
 * 5) Establishing and updating national databases.
 * 6) Developing applications, and enhancing existing systems.
 * 7) setting the standard specifications for the government network.
 * 8) Encouraging Private sector participation.

=Implementation=

Within this phase we identify e-government projects and actions necessary that will lead the way and set examples for the stage, we define a leading project or set of projects that will be considered the "Pilot" for the stage and target increasing demand from citizens for more such initiatives.

Implementation path

 * 1) Providing electronic government services


 * 1) Providing services through networks( internet and telephone)


 * 1) Expanding the scope of service providers to include ( postal offices-Kiosks-IT clubs-community telecenters)


 * 1) Modernizing work in government offices


 * 1) Automating workflow and enterprise resource planning in Ministries and Authorities.


 * 1) Establishing a governmental network to allow the flow of data and information.


 * 1) Implementing electronic archiving systems.

Implementation Framework
The project is being executed by the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology -in cooperation with the Minstry of State for Administrative Development, and will involve all the Egyptian Ministries and Government bodies.