User:Neddyseagoon/sandbox/Ernst Heinrich Tölken draft

A machine translation of http://webdoc.sub.gwdg.de/univerlag/2006/tuetken_book2_online.pdf from German into English, being drafted and whittled down before inclusion on Ernst Heinrich Tölken. Any help would be appreciated. Neddyseagoon - talk 13:37, 20 July 2007 (UTC)

Ernst Tölken 1807 concluded in the autumn his Göttinger first study and went counted to Berlin where above all Fichte und Schleiermacher were his teachers, to whom he a narrower relation developed. 1333 however his interest also the production by tragedy and comedies. With permission of the mother was allowed to form after that some years through trips. To include picturesque gifted, tried Tölken at the art academy in Dresden an academic education, interrupted however this attempt after a half year and hiked through divided almost entirely Germany to study around as an art historian the works of the masters on the spot. 1334 the dear to the art Tölken with the Baltic baron Otto Magnus von Stackelberg. A families tradition following, had received von Stackelberg on that 6th 9th 1806 at the Georgia Augusta his study. Of the University of Moscow coming, was registered he at that time yet as a diplomat into the Matrikel. Of artistic inclinations moves and fascinates broke increasingly of the antiquity science to be allowed to dedicate hiself reached von Stackelberg during his second Göttinger studies time the approval of his mother, that abandon planned course in the diplomatic service, and the art. 1335 in the autumn 1808 von Stackelberg and Tölken to Italy up. The two-headed trip company took visited his way over Bayreuth, where one Jean Paul, and reached over Mantua and Florence the Roman capital. 1336 over the trip and the 16-month stay in Rome noted Tölken:
 * Qua pene tota regione pedibus peragrata, Florentiae, postea Romae, et hic quidem

XVI menses, commoratus sum. Quod totum tempus antiquitatum artiumque liberalium studiis dicavi, adjustus copiis, quas bibliothecae cautissimae supeditabant. Ceterum cum multis viris familiariter vixi.

Bertel Thorvaldsen played at that time an admired role as a sculptor in the Roman artist colony. To he, also the brothers counted changed had were broken open Franz (Friedrich) and Johannes (Johann Christian) Riepenhausen out of Göttingen, that after his conversion his first names. 1337 you three years before – in the early summer 1805 – out of Göttingen in the age of 19 and/or 17 years. In Munich, this trip company had augmented hiself by three friends and former Göttinger students: Ludwig Tieck, whose brother Christian Friedrich Tieck and Carl Friedrich of around ear, the initiator of the Rome trip. The brothers Riepenhausen should not return to Göttingen. Wilhelm and Caroline of Humboldt invited weekly in his Palazzo Tomati especially the German artists. Humboldts children were instructed of Friedrich God love Welcker, that 1816 should begin the succession Heynes for few years. In the autumn 1809 when von Stackelberg and Tölken in Rome arrived, broke open Wilhelm from Humboldt to Berlin where he began the direction of the section of the Kultus and the public instruction on that 10th 2nd 1809. During his short tenure, he becomes and a. Make basic decisions for the foundation of the University of Berlin. After the opinion of some university historians, the experience with the intellectual life in his Palazzo did not lead he in the draft development finally.

Tölkens trip comrade von Stackelberg used copying and painting first of all the stimulations of Rome in order to develop his artistic talents further before he broke open occupied Greece with the Danish archeologist Peter Oluf Bröndstedt 1810 to an adventurous trip in that yet extensively of the Turks and after Western Anatolia in order to undertake there excavations and researches at sites of classic culture. Why the ways of Tölken and von Stackelberg in Rome separated is remained themselves unknown. 1338 Tölken about two years in Italy where he studied mostly in Rome and Florence the antiquities of the country and his story. When he broke open middle the way home in the winter 1810 to Germany, he had to reverse in the crossing of the Alps in Switzerland, but he used this situation in a manner designating for he: omne inde regionis montanae tractus perlustravi. Versus finem anni, postal service septem annorum absentiam, patriam rursus attigi.

When Tölken returned after seven year old absence into his home city, the planned appointment to the preacher of St. Martin stood. Tölken however was harnessed first of all into political missions. In this time, Napoleon inserted the north german littoral and the Hanseatic league cities into the French emperor empire. To soften to negotiation for the integration problems of and also around the sequences the continental barrier, the city dispatched two envoys to Paris, which the world load Tölken was added as a secretary. Tölken belonged after that that so-called. Organization commission in Hamburg to the summer of the following year on.

On the 23rd 6th 1811, Tölken – in the mean time majorenn and 25 years old – was matriculated counted again in Göttingen. 1339 his studies now above all the archeology that he had explained to his life task. In view of different occupation possibilities, he had decided when scholars to want to live. At the end of his Curriculum vitae, he confesses that stimulations of his professors and the goodwill rather friends caused he at the place to decide on an instructor course in Göttingen. In his graduation proposal, he presented himself with the characteristic studies profile of a Humanisten: studies humanitatis, historia antiqua, philosophia tamantiqua quam recentior et philologia, quibus potissimam grandpas ram dedi. 1340 he should have produced the first part of a printed dissertation for the Inauguraldisputation:
 * Comparatio politiarum Platonis in libris de republica et de legibus delineatarum.

The writing busied hiself with the continuing to have an effect of the political philosophies Platos that he had laid down in his work over the country.

When dean Schulze set on that 11th 10th 1811 the graduation proposal Tölkens advocating at the colleagues in circulation, he was not able to be suppress astonishment over the large demand at doctors during his one-year tenure: He appeared to dedicate basked is seems already again a Candidat of the philosophical Doctorwürde of influencing himself namely Mr. E. H. Tölken, who the academic life and our university, and pass at knowledge mannigfeltiger type to seyn. Schulze proposed the 26th d. MS. at 16 o'clock as an appointment for the examination. Because Tölken wanted to be tested in older and newer story, the dean asked armies to function than a head inspector, and he gave notice his intention on to want to initiate the test with some questions out of the story of the philosophy. Heyne commented on the course of studies Tölkens with the comment. The studies of the Hrn seem something disultorisch. Candidaten well been to seyn. Yet that must appear in the examination. Heyne, stationary and of gradlinig-solid studies severity, refers liberally sunned therewith to a danger of the mobile versatility Tölkens, but, received had was graduated suspended Heyne at once his prejudice, as long as the candidate not in the examination his chance. 1342 on the 9th 11th 1811 Tölken after a Disputation of 10 theses: Adipiscendis would advise CROSS theses quas consentiente Illustri Philosophorum Ordine per summis in Philosophia honoribus that. Mens. Nov. MDCCCXI publice defendet Ernestus Henricus Toelken Bremanus. Gottingae typis 1ST C. Baier, typogr. Acad. 1343 for the remainder of the semester Tölken of the philosophical faculty recovered a preliminary Venia and offered the following organization on: Development of that gradually education of the Gods idols of the Greek art. 1344 there the per chancellor in Tölkens announcements for the following SS 1812 a problem saw, asked he the general management in Kassel for a clarification. He granted read deliver would become challenged Tölken the permission that for the coming semester only under the levy, that he until easter a Habilitationsdisputation. 1345 his per loco-Disputation the 26jährige Tölken on schedule on that 19th 3rd 1812 with following subject: _ De Phidiae Jove Oympio observationes. Quarum hanc partem priorem consentiente Amplisssimo Philosophorum Ordine pro facultate legendi die XIX. Martii publice defendet Ern. Henr. Toelken Bremanus Philosophiae Doctor. Gottingae, typis Joannis Friderici Röwer. 1812Th [44 S. + 6 theses]

Tölken has the writing Ch. G. Heyne dedicated. 1346 he had herself with Phidias the most important sculptor of the classic antiquity to the subject selected. His investigation counted the colossal seat statue of the Zeus in Olympia, to whose reconstruction based on the written delivery Tölken in his text a contribution delivered, in that the draft of the Phidias against two art critical objections defended. In the SS 1812, his first regular semester,, Tölken announced following organizations: Historic introduction into the philosophy, connected with logic, Hr. M. Toelken, after Dictaten, 4 hours weekly, at 4 o'clock. Archeology of the art bey the egyptians, Greeks and Romans (architecture, Bildnerey, Mahlerey, Glyptik and coin being, connected with mythology and symbolism, Hr. M. Toelken, 6 St. wöch. around 6 or 7 o'clock.  Hr.  M. Toelken explains Italy.  Poet privately. 1347 he probably published at that time a corresponding program for his listeners under the title:  Announcement and plan of scientific presentations over the mythology especially the Greeks.  Göttingen 1812th [16 S]. like other highly talented students belonged also Tölken of the Societas philologica Gottingensis at. 1348 ways of his familiarity with the Berliner artist scene was Tölken 1812 as a mediator in the order award for a bust of the deceased Goede active.  Next to Heyne, the law professor was Christian August God love Goede of one of the prominent dead the SS 1812. In the name of grateful students of the deceased arranged Gustav Frhr. of Usa cathedral out of Swedish-Pomerania with Johann Gottfried of Schadow the Anfertigung of a marble bust after the dead costume. On the 25th 9th 1812 recovered a corresponding contract of Schadow through Tölken. Tölken requested 1349 on the 3rd 4th 1814 the hannoversche cabinet ministry around an ao. Professorship of the philosophy in Göttingen. He cited that he has stayed for two and a half years as a private instructor in Göttingen, where he had studied before story and politics under Heynes and army of special instructions for four years. The third year of a Privatdozentur is for the private instructors hoping on a call frequent an occasion to bring hiself the committee in memory. Tölken reported this, that he over several branches the antiquity customer, especially over art story, religion story and development story and furthermore over italian and Greek literature publicly and privately lecture held would have. Let the specialty archeology be unoccupied since Heynes death, and a multiyear stay to Rome, Florence, Dresden, Vienna and Berlin had enabled he he to not to speak over art and beauty merely out of books, but rather out of own view. To remove hiself Tölken tried with this comment probably by Heyne, that his knowledge in the archeology learn from books had essentially or must acquire based on of castings. A development trip to the sites the classic antique had been for Heyne as a son of a poor Saxon weaver unthinkable during his studies time. Tölken belonged to a generation of art historians, with which in the difference to Heyne and J. D. Fiorillo the autopsy vis-à-vis the book learning into the foreground moved. Moreover – so lifted Tölken in his write to the ministry yet forth, – let he be with the young professors of the Philologie, remarkably and Dissen, most ardently connected through collective studies and a sincere friendship. In all dear to Göttingen, Tölken saw at that time however also other alternatives of his professional development. He reported further that his home city Bremen, that he had served earlier already than a secretary in diplomatic shipments, would be now willing, he either in the secondary school there as a professor with an income of 800 rthlr. and in that projected to the committee to engage new arrangement of the school under even more advantageous conditions. Alternatively had been offered to he to serve on the new in missions of the city whereby one had opened he the prospect for the position of a Syndikus or alderman.

Furthermore would be submhis become would have he through of fur mountain the offer to receive at the upbringing institute authorized by the Berner government of Hofwyl under very agreeable and flattering conditions the professorship of the story. 1350 in the end Herbart, his special friend and teacher, already before outbreak of the present war he outlooks a position in a Prussian university opened. Because he had studied however an academic course in Göttingen, where he, and where most professors would be his friends, all remaining positions would prefer, would request forced he the ministry around a position as an extraordinary professor of the philosophy, especially the Alterthumskunde where possible with some salary, around not to seyn, like previously to waste my best time with private hours and language teaching. Tölken added that he was during the French occupation of his home city as audit Eur in the country advice in proposal, but had rejected this at that time very shining offer in order to pursue as a Privatdocent to Göttingen a more tiresome however more honorable course. A width characteristic for Tölken of the interests shows 1351 the list of conceivable occupation alternative and capacities – the neuhumanistischen ideally corresponding to a multilateral development, sought that to this time his proof case also in the networking with the challenges of the occupation world.

An undated notice of the curator Ch. L. A. of Arnswaldt for his colleague of the covers notes as a decision aid to the petition Tölkens that a salary would be hardly auszumitteln. He could not judge Tölkens utility for the university. One should ask perhaps armies whether he would be advisable to received Tölken of the university. 1352 armies became about the death Heynes as an informal adviser of the committee more often in calling sought after consulted. As a learned curator warned is to be provided of Arnswaldt in view of Tölkens readiness to want to accept if necessary also an unbesoldeten position, he that if he is professor, then the Curatorium around salary plague would become. On Tölkens proposal replied the ministry for spiritual and instruction matters on that 7th 4th 1814 that one would not find he in the present ratios at academies thunlich, Tölken through uncertain and removed to hold back outlooks of pursuit of that he of several sides dargebothenen Vortheile. Whether and like armies for his Bremen compatriot voted, is not to be taken the personal file Tölkens. There the succession Heynes yet to the calling F. G. Welckers in the year 1816 open remained, held back hiself probably committee and university to arrange a competing professorship in the area of the antiquity sciences. Armies becomes in any case first 1819 with C. O. Müller one until Berliner relatively unknown young there doctor for the again due occupation of that formerly Heyneschen professorship recommend. He is not well known whether at that time also the Tölken active already in Berlin was included as a candidate into the considerations. To the radical reduction in the antiquity science, university and committee were not 1814 yet ready. Tölken drew immediately conclusions out of the refusal of the committee, for at the latest since the 5th 11th 1814, he was reported as a private instructor at the University of Berlin actively. 1353 spring, climbed was that at the University of Berlin next to Tölken only a doctor under the numerous candidate with a Venia docendi of this university to the Ordinarius. 1354 Tölkens economic support a simultaneous apprenticeship activity at the Friedrich-Werderschen and then at the Köllnischen. Also Karl Lachmann struck got this way on, that after his Göttinger Habilitation on that 15th 4th 1815 the philosophical faculty of the Berliners university asked, to be allowed to hold lecture in More roman, More greek and old German literature, and that at that 4th 5th 1816 his regulations appropriate for lecture over the original form of the Nibelungenliedes. 1355

In the year of his change from Göttingen to Berlin that work, that designates seriously Curtius in his ADB-article of writing most important 1894 as Tölkens, appeared: Over the Basrelief and the boundaries of the plastic and Malerey. Berlin 1814.1356 after the statements of red mouth should have served he as a sample writing for his Habilitation at the University of Berlin. The return of the prey art out of Paris offered Tölken in that 1815 an unexpected chance. The armies of Napoleon was during the expansion years Dominique Vivant Denon, general director of the Louvre and the probably most skilled connoisseur of old art in his time, directly followed. He above all the prey right of the triumphant Imperators exercised vis-à-vis the works of art of the overcome dynasty. In Germany, he encountered especially heavily the principality Braunschweig Wolfenbüttel because the fallen duke Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand had led the Prussian troops in Jena and Auerstedt as a supreme commander. But also the Hohenzollern were robbed with connoisseur shaft of Denon of his best works of art. Alone out of the schlosses of Berlin, Charlottenburg and Sanssouci, 123 paintings, 28 statues, 56 busts became and relief, over 500 Gemmen and 25 Elfenbeiarbeiten to France transported. At the first anniversary of the victory over Prussia commanded to issue Napoleons 368 of the best works of art in the Louvre who was named since 1803 Musée Napoléon. After the final victory over Napoleon, a large part of the prey art in long militarily escorted vehicle columns zurücktransportiert became. Wilhelm of Humboldt contractually had secured negotiations into the Parisian the return. In this situation, art historic experts were in Berlin as well as Tölken in the identification and Inventarisierung asked. Tölken made celebrated hiself especially around the revision of the antique earned. 1357 also the allies triumphant now the return of the prey art with patriotic agreed displays. Prussia could and set up a. the Quadriga again on that Brandenburg gate. The catalogue of the Berliners display for the benefit of the wounded war veteran index of the pictures appeared under the title and works of art so by the courage of the national troops again conquered become. 1358 the general reorganization of the museum being in the entourage of the release wars offered occupation chances novel to to skilled art historians because an epoch went to end, in which the direction was looked at by art museums as a task by artists. Tölken will turn to 1832 above all this occupation field. After red mouth, Tölken was delegated first of all during the years 1816 to 1818, to prepare the union of the work of art dispersed in the royal schloss-es and collections to a public museum whereby he specially the revision of the cut stones attended and to coins. Faculty philosophical but also the Berliners appreciated his private instructor and has to support tried he in view of his loads in school and university and his financial problems. On his proposal there he became already on that 4th 4th 1816 the ao. Professor appointed was able to reckon. 1359 Tölken obviously with the support of the ministry. When the senate of the University of Berlin repeated his proposal, that since spruces death were orphaned has to occupy chair again, and to guarantee above all the indispensable lectures of the logic and metaphysics, replied of the ministers, one with Tölken, that had offered hiself in addition, a replacement man and still would have two further private instructors in outlook. For the succession, spruces were nevertheless and a. Hegel and here beard, but also the private instructor Karl ruffle in the conversation, that from 1824 at the Georgia Augusta be good fortune try should. Versatility early a record for Tölkens is also his Dante-lecture. Next to the treatise over the Basrelief, a thematic related presentation is to be emphasized out of Tölkens early Berliner years: Over the different Verhältniß of the antique and modern painting to the poetry, a supplement to Lessings Laokoon, of E. H. Toelken, Doctor and professor of the philosophy. Read at the 25sten foundation firm the humaneness company to Berlin, the 12ten January 1822nd Berlin 1822. In the Nicolaischen book shop. [32 S]. After the judgment of the archeologist of Reinhard Kekulé of Stradonitz from the year 1902 were pleased the treatise over the Basrelief and the writing named finally long time of a large and quite decisive appearance; without exhausting his subjects, show he a fine, artistic sense and are gave full appropriate observations. 1360,1820 Tölken because of the abundant and quality full images the mythological gallery of the famous French archeologist. Gallerie mythological l. Millin´s. A collection of more than 750 antique monuments, statue, cut stones, coins and paintings, to the explanation of the mythology, the symbolism and art story of the old. Carefully translates and accompanies with the 190 original copper leaves of the French edition. Berlin and Stettin, 1820. In the Fr. Nicolaischen book shop. (Price 10 Rthlr.). Bd. 1: Text [ORDINANCES + 418 S]. Bd. 2: Chalkboards [no. I until CLXXXII].

On the 15th 11th 1823, Tölken to the o climbed. professor for art story and archeology on. 1361,1827 became he secretary of the academy of the arts and orderly member of the academic senate of the University of Berlin.

Tölken dean of his faculty was changed 1825/26 and 1833/31. 1362,1832 Tölken under retention of his professorship into the museum service, first of all as a Direktoralassistent of prof. Jakob Andreas Konrad Levezow for the Antiquarium of the Royal Museum and 1836 this later until 1864 as a director of this department and member of the artistic commission. He opened this treasure house hellenistischer small art through his investigations as a research area and put z. B. 1835 a first preparation of his Gemmensammlung before, that estimated Curtius as a Tölkens most important contribution out of his museum activity: Explaining Verzeichniß of the antique deepens cut stone of the royally Prussian Gemmensammlung. Of Dr. E. H. Toelken […] Berlin. Printed in the printing office of the royal academy of the sciences. 1835 [LXVIII + 462 S]. Tölken enriched in the frame of his different functions through spirhis scientific contributions the cultural life of the Prussian capital. He corresponded expected became therewith, and according to what especially in a head city and residence city by a professor to the presentations, that developed in the 19th century, that he addressed himself with lecture to the formed public. Tölken appeared in different occasions as a lecturing: Speech in the memory celebration Raffaels, which was committed to Berlin the 8 April 1820 by the academy of the arts and s. w.  Berlin 1820.1363 over the different Verhältniß of the antique and modern painting to the poetry, a supplement to Lessing’s Laokoon, of E. H. Toelken, Doctor and professor of the philosophy. Read at the 25sten foundation firm the humaneness company to Berlin, the 12ten January 1822nd Berlin 1822. In the Nicolaischen book shop. [32 S.].

Memory speech in the Säcularfeier Albrecht Dürers, which by the artists of Berlin and the members of the Singakademie at the 18ten April 1828 committed became. 1364 over the protestant spirit of all genuine art and his newer development in Germany, a presentation held in the public session of the royal academy of the arts at the 3ten August 1839 of Dr. E. H. Toelken […] In addition to the reporting over the this year's academic price application in the architecture. Berlin. Printed in the printing office of the royal academy of the sciences. 1839th 1365 speeches in the celebration of the birth firm session arranged public his majesty of king Friedrich Wilhelm IV at the 15ten October 1844 by the royal academy the arts in the hall of the sing-academy held of Dr. E. H. Toelken, secret Reg. Rath, grounded. Professor a. d. university verse., Director d. antiquar. Abbot well-being. d. Königl. Museum etc., member of the senate and secretary d. Königl. Academy of the arts. Berlin 1844. With Berliner of colleague enriched he through a professional commentary a theater event exceptional Berliner, that took place on occasion and in presence of the king Friedrich Wilhelm IV,. : Over the entrances to the Proscenium and the Orchestra of the old Greek theater. In: A.  Böckh, E. H. Toelken, Fr. forest:  Over the Antigone of the Sophokles and his representation on the Königl. Lock theater in the new palace in Sanssouci. Three treatises. Berlin, 1842, publishing house of E. H. Schroeder: Under the linden trees no. 23rd [S. 47-71]. As a secretary of the royal academy of the arts in Berlin, Tölken published a short-lived periodical:  Berliner art-leaf. Published under cooperation of the royal academy of the arts and the scientific art society of Dr. E. H. Toelken, grounded. Prof. at the University of Berlin, secretion. the K. Akad d. arts. [1828-1829] On Tölkens further journalistic activity to ägyptologischen, mythological, art historical and aesthetic problems in the area of the painting, poetry and the theater cannot referred went being lost probably was here only summary. 1366 after the judgment of the Berliner of university historian spring Tölken the elasticity of his young years during the later life phases. 1367 he he possible, his interests variety in a multitude of disciplines to the recently expected competence level. Already the present and first quite the future belonged the specialist. The good location conditions in Berlin with his self-specializing museums variety did not carry finally to a self-differentiating disciplines structure in the art and antiquity scientific area by.

Prof. Dr. seriously Heinrich Tölken – member of several native and foreign scientific companies and academies – died on that 16th 3rd 1869 at the age of 79 years in Berlin.