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 Te Deum laudamus,

( Latin: “God, We Praise You”, ) also called Te Deum,  Latin hymn to God the Father and Christ the Son, traditionally sung on occasions of public rejoicing. According to legend, it was improvised antiphonally by St. Ambrose and St. Augustine at the latter’s baptism.

The song are devoted to the Father and Son, a half-clause to the Holy Spirit, followed by a litany—fit in historically with part of the Arian controversy (over the nature of Christ) of the 4th century. Much of the text is composed of traditional statements of belief; and unlike most hymns, it is prose.

The Arian controversy was in reality a series of controversies, related to Christology, that arose between Arius, a priest and theologian, and Bishop Athanasius, a Church Father. The most important of these controversies concerned the substantial relationship between God the Father and Jesus Christ.

These disagreements divided the Church into two opposing theological factions for over 55 years, from the time before the Council of Nicaea in 325 until after the Council of Constantinople in 381. There was no formal schism; the matter remained an internal conflict of the Church.

http://www.britannica.com/topic/Te-Deum-laudamus

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