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171 La Trobe Street is a landmark in the history of modern architecture in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. A masterpiece by renowned architect Nonda Katsalidis, 171 La Trobe Street prominently stands out as a 13-storey structure glazed with a distinct green glass exterior, and crowned with iconic designs overhanging the building on each side.

Historical Significances
Incepted in the aftermath of one of the worst early 1990s recession in Australia, 171 La Trobe Street is a testament to the entrepreneurship of Cleeve Fowles Partnership which helped trigger a commercial building boom in the 90s. Synergised with the innovation of Nonda Katsalidis and his project team (Nick Orfanidis, Kerry Hayton, Ric Wood, Rob Wiggnall and Anthony Tosariero), 171 La Trobe Street was successfully completed in 1991 at A$12 million; thereby spearheading economic recovery in the property development sector, as well as leaving a treasure trove of modernistic designs in contemporary architecture.

Physical Aspects
171 La Trobe Street occupies four squares on the corner of Russell Street and La Trobe Street. The building rises uniformly with 10 storeys of office floors from a catenary canopy over a tavern at the ground level, and culminates with a pair of double-storey penthouses on the top. Excitingly, the residential usage of the building is differentiated from its office counterpart by accentuation of masses protruding from the apartments on the exterior. Other distinctive features of 171 La Trobe Street include vertical shafts composed by green-glazed glass, horizontal curtain walling, vertical fins and black cladded shear wall. Stone paneling are exquisitely arrayed; forming a steep contrast with the clear green glass that clads most of the main structure of the building. As for the foyer, Austral black granite formally clads most of the walls, mainly for hidden storage installed behind and the exterior of the lift.

Functional Aspects
Rendering an office floor area of 414 square meters, the location of the building at a street corner allows configuration of offices, board rooms, workstations and ancillary facilities to access to paranomic view and natural light. A portion of office spaces of have been partitioned to a floor area of 225sqm with a mezzanine of 70sqm. Other notable features include handicap-friendly conveniences, three lifts and secure basement carparks.

Key Influences & Design Approaches
Katsalidis wrote in his book titled “Three Residential Houses” that “The instinct of the eagle to the nest high explains the skywards urge that leads to the building these houses on top of a city building”. Notably, the construction of the penthouses at the top of 171 La Trobe Street is an illustration of his urge to harmonise the privacy of residential dwellings with the hustle and bustle of a vibrant metropolitan. Katsalidis described this concept of modern living in an elevated environment as “floating swiftly above the city in a rather remote and self-confident manner”.

Next, Katsalidis incorporates nature through the creation of roof top gardens and pools. The sensitivity to respect nature in its full form is essential to comfortable and habitable living. “The physical territory may have shrunk to this patch on top of a city building”, but the spirit has its boundaries extend limitless to horizon beyond. “Views that extend to a distant horizon, with Mount Macedon in one direction and the blue expanse of the bay in the other”, delineate the full extent of this human domain we live in.

The main body of the building is divided into two distinct vertical components, a feature common in Katsalidis’ designs; one having rectangular windows with glazed green stone surface, and the other, a glazed green glass curtain wall. This produces a high contrasting visual impact incorporated within the same building.

Katsalidis’ ideas are represented through the experience of senses; i.e. based on how we interact with light, texture, density, volume and spatial qualities.

The building is substantially shaped by climatic considerations with the intention to expose the interiors towards the sky and nature. With the building situated to face the sun, translucent glass screens allow natural sunlight to perforate the whole building. High ceilings and long windows further allow natural light to easily penetrate thereby providing long hours of daylight and heat. In addition, the wind factor is well-regulated by filtering metal louver blades.

Conclusion
The design of 171 La Trobe Street provides an insight into the different use of materials and space within a building. Katsalidis believes that primitive arrangements of simple and few materials are capable of eliciting a stronger and more compiling response than over-sophisticated buildings with complex features. Indeed, the outstanding features and the multiplicity of functions of 171 La Trobe Street render the building a defined edge to the east end of the Central Business District of Melbourne.

Awards
In 1992, Katsalidis-designed building won the RAIA Victorian Chapter Merit Award.