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Check https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33729999/

Daïen CI, Tan J, Audo R, Mielle J, Quek LE, Krycer JR, Angelatos A, Duraes M, Pinget G, Ni D, Robert R, Alam MJ, Amian MCB, Sierro F, Parmar A, Perkins G, Hoque S, Gosby AK, Simpson SJ, Ribeiro RV, Mackay CR, Macia L. Gut-derived acetate promotes B10 cells with antiinflammatory effects. JCI Insight. 2021 Apr 8;6(7):e144156. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.144156. PMID: 33729999; PMCID: PMC8119207.

Failure of postprandial hyperemia: a possible etiogenic factor in lipotoxicity

The common existence of metabolic health in obese individuals prompts the search for functional vulnerabilities associated with the oposite case in order to identify and test corresponding treatment targets. The development of metabolic disease as a result of obesity has led to postulate "lipotoxicity" as a major pathophysiological component of the disease process, whereby adipose tissue expansion is accompanied by its chronic inflammation resulting in the export of systemic proinflammatory signals having a major role in causing insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, hypertension, dyslipidemia and other manifestations of metabolic disease. Here we examine evidence suggesting that a failure of hyperemic responses, including postprandial hyperemia, may be an etiologically significant, idiosyncratic comorbidity in obesity-related metabolic disease.

Functional hyperemia occuring after food ingestion has been termed postprandial hyperemia (PPH). PPH of long duration (hours-long) has been described to occur in skeletal muscle, and importantly also in the superior mesenteric (or splanchnic) vascular bed , affecting blood flow in the stomach , intestine ,  kidney , fat tissue ,  and other abdominal organs such as pancreas   and liver following the ingestion of  food in sufficiently large amounts. Topologically accompanying food bolus transit, the intensity and duration of PPH along each gut segment will depend on meal characteristics of amount and composition. PPH is believed to occur every day in normal life (following each main meal), appearing to be teleologically designed to increase the provision of oxygen and nutrients to tissues and organs involved in the energetically demanding processes of food digestion, absorption and detoxification.

Pancreas inflammation in diabetes
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Gastric mucosa inflammation in obesity
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