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Shinjuku Ni-chōme (新宿二丁目), referred to colloquially as  Ni-chōme or simply Nichō, is Area 2 in the Shinjuku District of the Shinjuku Special Ward of Tōkyō, Japan. With Tōkyō home to over 8.2 million people, and Shinjuku known as the noisiest and most crowded of its 23 special wards, Ni-chōme further distinguishes itself as Tōkyō's hub of gay subculture, housing the world's highest concentration of gay bars.

Within close walking distance from three train stations (Shinjuku San-chōme Station, Shinjuku Goenmae Station, and Japan's busiest train station, Shinjuku Station), the Shinjuku Ni-chōme neighborhood provides a specialized blend of bars, restaurants, cafes, saunas, love hotels, gay pride boutiques, cruising boxes (hattenba), host clubs, nightclubs, massage parlors, parks, and gay book and video stores. In fact within the five blocks centering on street Naka-Dori between the BYGS building at the Shinjuku San-chōme Station and the small Shinjuku park three blocks to the east, an estimated 200-300 gay bars and nightclubs provide entertainment.

History
The history of Ni-chōme as a gay neighborhood generally begins around the time of the American Occupation of Japan (1945-1952) and ties strongly to the fall of its red-light districts (akasen). As early as 1948, there is mention of a gay Shinjuku tea shop, and by the 1950’s gay bars publicly emerged both in name and form within Ni-chōme. Prior to 1957, Tōkyō’s red-light districts had flourished as legally-licensed centers for sex workers, but armed with a new constitution and an Equal Rights amendment, post-occupation Japanese women’s Christian groups et al. successfully lobbied the Diet to pass the Prostitution Prevention Law in 1956. For the first time in history, prostitution in Japan became illegal, and as the traditional sex industry left Ni-chōme, a gay subculture began to fill its place. By the late 1950’s Ni-chōme was known for its popularity amongst the gay subculture, and a club scene began to emerge. From the establishment of a counseling room for young gay men in 1976, and the first AIDS candle light vigil in 1986, to the 1992 inauguration of Tokyo’s annual International Lesbian and Gay Film Festival, Japan’s first lesbian and gay pride parade in 1994, and the founding of its first gay community center, AKTA, in 2004, Shinjuku Ni-chōme continues to provide a home base for many milestones in the history of Japan’s LGBT (lesbian-gay-bisexual-transgendered) community.

Scene Specialization
The lifeblood of the gay neighborhood, the majority of Nichōme’s hundreds of night clubs typically seat fewer than a dozen customers, who preferably represent a club’s specialized subset of the gay subculture. Within a society where 98% of the population eventually marry, many LGBT Japanese choose to privately express their sexuality within the afforded anonymity of specialty clubs in areas like Ni-chōme. To achieve this specialization, clubs are typically segregated by "scene." There are bars that cater specifically to the bear community, BDSM, muscular men, young men, butch and femme lesbians, etc. Club owners called “masters” or “mama-sans” try to attract the unique crowds that characterize their clubs, going so far as to deny service or charge additional fees to the less-desired customers. For example, Nichōme nightclub Avanti charges a ¥1000 entrance fee to women and gay men, and ¥1500 to “typical” men; club Kusuo, ¥1000 to men, ¥1500 to women; and club Koimo, ¥1500 to gay men, and ¥2000 to everyone else.

In addition, while most bar owners do accommodate new and non-Japanese customers, the scene is primarily geared toward regular customers who are Japanese. Some venues discourage or even prohibit non-Japanese from entering, regardless of Japanese language ability. At most bars in Shinjuku Ni-chōme, patrons usually sit at a counter and chat with the bartender. Karaoke is popular, and gay magazines are often available for reading. Most bars offer a bottle-keep system, so many regular customers choose to keep their own bottles of liquor at their favorite bars. This loyalty is then repaid by bar-organized outings to onsen, hanami parties, picnics, and gay sporting events, and bars even maintain large commemorative photo albums of these outings. In contrast, a handful of establishments specifically target foreigners via English advertising. Five clubs--Advocates, Arty Farty, Dragon, GB, and Rehab--are particularly popular amongst foreign men and their admirers, but they do not offer bottle-keep services. Advocates, though very small, is especially known for large weekend crowds of both natives and foreigners that spill out onto the sidewalk and adjacent street.

Neighborhood Events
Although there are no gay clubs in Ni-chōme that can hold more than one hundred customers, large gay events held throughout the year attract up to several thousand people to the area.


 * Tōkyō International Lesbian & Gay Film Festival
 * Tōkyō Rainbow Festival (jp)
 * Tōkyō Pride Parade (jp) (usually beginning near Shibuya Station, heading to Harajuku along Meiji Avenue and Omotesando, and ending in Yoyogi Park)

Tōkyō's LGBT Culture Outside Ni-chōme
Tōkyō's gay scene is not limited to Ni-chōme. A number of other areas, such as in Shibuya, Shimbashi, Ueno, and Asakusa have conglomerations of gay bars, although none as dense as in Ni-chōme. Information about these bars, bookstores, sex shops, and cruising spots can be found in the Otoko-machi Map (Boy's Town Map), a country-wide guide to Japanese gay establishments, or in monthly Japanese gay magazines like G-men and Badi. Tōkyō also has a great number of gay "circles" including LGBT sports teams, cultural groups, and religious groups.