User:Nezy b muntangah/sandbox

RUSANGU UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF EDUCATION AND CURRICULUM

DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL STUDIES

NAME: nezy b muntangah ID#: 20120081

MAJOR: BA sociology

Course No#: information Communication Technology in Education

Question: Prepare an ICT file of ideas containing 40 items and showing how you intend to integrate ICT in your subject area. Due date 28/08/17 INTRODUCTION Information communication technology (ICT) is a term used to refer to technologies that are used in creating, accumulating, storing, editing and disseminating of information in various forms. ICT as described by Bandele (2006), is a revolution that involves the use of computers, internet and other telecommunication technology in every aspect of human endeavor. These include: Internet access, electronic mail, CD-ROMS, telephone, on line databases, library services and fax machines Nwosu and Ugbomo (2012). Reddi (2012) grouped ICT used in education into two categories namely synchronous and asynchronous media. Synchronous media require all participants to be together at the same time even though in different location, examples of synchronous are audio graphics, audio conferencing as in a telephone conference, broadcast radio and television, teleconferencing, computer conferencing such as chat and internet telephony. Asynchronous ICT allow for participants in the learning process to be at different times and different places, examples of asynchronous include audio and video tapes CDs, email, computer files transfers, virtual conferences, multimedia products, offline, web based learning formats. Teleconferencing is used in both formal and non-formal learning contexts to facilitate teacher learner and learner-learner discussions, as well as to access experts and other resource persons remotely. In open and distance learning, teleconferencing is a useful tool for providing direct instruction and learner support, minimizing learner isolation. (Tinio (2002) According to Taghioff (2001) the Kothmale Community Radio Internet uses both radio broadcasts and computer and Internet technologies to facilitate the sharing of information and provide educational opportunities in a rural communities. Tinio (2002) further noted that schools combines the use of print, recorded audio and video, broadcast radio and television, and audio conferencing technologies. The work of ICT in social studies has to do with computer devices hence this paper discusses the different input, output, storage and networking devices and their roles in education. As information and communication technology (ICT) plays a greater role across society including public and private education in the world. In particular, indicators are essential for measuring and tracking the integration of ICT and its impact given investment can constitute a significant portion of national education budgets, for many, if not most countries. Input devices are essential in order to use a computer. These devices allow users to interact with the applications that the computer displays. Without input devices, the computer would be nothing more than a screen that displays something random and of little use (Farrell and Isaacs, 2007). There are many different types of input devices that all allow us to interact in different ways. Input devices allow a user to input data into a computer. 1.	Mouse A mouse consists of a ball or laser that tracks the movement of the device. The computer is able to register the movement of the mouse and translate it as movement of the cursor on the screen. A mouse also contain buttons that allow the user to select objects, move windows or open applications. Many also include a scrolling wheel to allow for scrolling through long documents or Web pages. 2.	Board speakers These speakers are made for SMART Board interactive whiteboards, they are great help when it comes to presentations that require audio playback for easy understanding of certain concepts and theories. Document cameras are a great tool for teachers. They allow teachers to take what used to be individual assignments and turn them into class assignments, creating more discussion, interaction, and maintaining students' attention This tool can also be used as a display tool, a graphing tool, a highlighting tool and so on. It is also a great tool when it comes to saving documents that can later be used. 3.	Keyboard A keyboard consists of a series of keys that can be pressed to input commands or letters. These are used to write documents but can be used to navigate user interfaces in lieu of a mouse.

4.	Trackball These devices work like a standard mouse except the users rolls a ball inside a base rather than moving the device across the table top. Many users prefer a trackball to a mouse, because it involves less wrist movement, reducing repetitive-motion issues. 5.	Pointer

It is great pointer for presentations in class and can be used in the same way that black board rulers where used in the post to point some things on the board by the teacher as he/ she is presenting. 6.	Control center In Classrooms where digital is very high there is often already multiple streams of information available. To fully utilize the growing options, instructors need to be able to switch seamlessly from displaying a Skype chat to a documentary to a digital lecture. To enable this, systems like the “switcher” in the picture on the right are quickly becoming centerpieces in classrooms because they give the class the direction that it has to take in order for the intended purpose in class to be attained at the end of the lesson.

7.	Touchpad

This is a device typically found on laptop computers. It works like a mouse or trackball, except it's a flat panel you move your finger across. The motion of your finger registers as cursor movement on the screen. Many touchpads now enable gestures to scroll through documents or zoom in on a photo. Buttons are typically below the touchpad.

8.	Wacom inking The Wacom Inkling is a digital ballpoint pen that allows you draw with real ink on real paper while still giving you the control of a graphic tablet pen. The Inkling uses a positional receiver that's common amongst most digital pens. You place the receiver at the top of your sheet of paper and it uses infrared and ultrasound waves to create a digital page over the surface of your paper.

9.	Scanner Flatbed scanner These devices allow a user to input a photograph or document into the computer. By placing a piece of media in a scanner, you can create an image file that can be opened and manipulated on the computer. 10.	Microphone This is a device used to input voice data and sound. You hold the microphone up to a source, most likely a person's mouth, and it registers the sounds and inputs them into audio recording applications. This will let you do many things, from recording a song to talking to someone on Skype. 11.	Webcam Webcam attached to computer monitor This is a small video camera that takes video and inputs it into the computer. These allow you to record and send small videos or have a video chat with someone over the Internet. 12.	Document camera Document cameras are a great tool for teachers. They allow teachers to take what used to be individual assignments and turn them into class assignments, creating more discussion, interaction, and maintaining students' attention This tool can also be used as a display tool, a graphing tool, a highlighting tool and so on. It is also a great tool when it comes to saving documents that can later be used. OUTPUT DEVICES 13.	Monitor

Monitor is the most commonly used output device used to display results of processing. It has a TV like shape. Pictures on monitor are formed with picture elements called PIXEL. Monitors may be Monochrome that will display results in Black & White. Color Monitors are also available. They display results in multi colors. Monitor produces soft copy output. 14.	Printers Printers are used to produce hard copy output. They print processing results on paper. Printers are divided into two main categories. Impact Printers.

These printers print with striking of hammers or pins on ribbon. For example Dot Matrix printer and daisy wheel printers are impact printers. 13. Speaker

Speaker produces sound output. We can listen recorded voices, sounds or music with the help of speaker. Speaker produces sound output with the help of sound card.

14. Multimedia Projector.

Multimedia projector is used to produce computer output on a big screen. These are used in meeting rooms or in classrooms of educational institutes. STORAGE DEVICES A storage device is used in the computers to store the data. Provides one of the core functions of the modern computer. 15.	Hard Disk The hard disk drive is the main, and usually largest, data storage device in a computer. It can store anywhere from 160 gigabytes to 2 terabytes. Hard disk speed is the speed at which content can be read and written on a hard disk. A hard disk unit comes with a set rotation speed varying from 4500 to 7200rpm. 16.	USB Flash Drive A small, portable flash memory card that plugs into a computer’s USB port and functions as a portable hard drive. 17.	Memory Card •An electronic flash memory storage disk commonly used in consumer electronic devices such as digital cameras, MP3players, mobile phones, and other small portable devices. 18.	Magnetic Tape A magnetically coated strip of plastic on which data can been coded. Tapes for computers are similar to tapes used to store music. Tape is much less expensive than other storage mediums but commonly a much slower solution that is commonly used for backup. NETWORKING DEVICES A computer network consists of a collection of computers, printers and other equipment that is connected together so that they can communicate with each other. Hub and Switch A hub is a device used to connect a PC to the network. The function of a hub is to direct information around the network, facilitating communication between all connected devices. However in new installations switches should be used instead of hubs as they are more effective and provide better performance. A switch, which is often termed a 'smart hub'. 19.	An 8 port Hub Switches and hubs are technologies or ‘boxes’ to which computers, printers, and other networking devices are connected. Switches are the more recent technology and the accepted way of building today's networks. With switching, each connection gets "dedicated bandwidth" and can operate at full speed. In contrast, a hub shares bandwidth across multiple connections such that activity from one PC or server can slow down the effective speed of other connections on the hub. 2 examples of 24 port switches 20.	COMPUTER A computer can be used in class by taking notes on the computer and projects this onto the screen so the whole class can see this. This enable the students to read what has been written more easily than instructor’s handwriting computer also allows socialization by having students work in groups and share ideas. 21.	WI-FI rooters In class to add to a particular piece of information of the lesson that the teacher is teaching, children can be allowed to use Wi-Fi to connect their phones (smart phones) to the internet and access more information to the topic under discussion. This will help the learners to have even a better understanding than just relying on the limited knowledge provided by their teacher. 22.	PROJECTOR This allows teachers to create bulleted PowerPoint presentations or highly organized notes for the class. It gives the students a chance to take better notes with the ability to detect with the senses that the information the teacher displays is not useful to them. It allows teachers use films, slides and images to teach students about a variety of subjects 23.	INTERACTIVE WHITEBOARD It is an instructional tool that allows computer images to be displayed onto a board using a digital projector. Using the whiteboard, the teacher can manipulate the elements on the board by using his finger as a mouse, directly on the screen. Items can be dragged, clicked and copied and the learner can handwrite the notes which can be transformed into text and saved. If used innovatively they create a wide range of learning opportunities.

24.	PRESENTATION CLICKER

In using a presentation clicker, a teacher can pose a multiple-choice question to his or her students via an overhead or computer projector. In return the students subunits an answer to the question using a handheld transmitter (a clicker) that beams a radio-frequency signal to a receiver attached to the teacher’s computer. 25.	A VISUALISER A visualizer is a digital display device. This can be connected to a data projector, whatever is in view of the camera is magnified in real time the screen. This can be from a book, an object, a living thing, or actions on and gestures around it. This is used as a site for interaction with the class, a site for observation, and so forth. This helps to direct the attention to the screen display whilst disconnection of the user’s body compels students to make decisions about where to look. 26.	DOCUMENT CAMERAS A document camera is a great tool for teachers. It allows teachers to take what used to be individual assignments and turn them into class assignments which in turn will create more discussion, interaction, and maintaining student’s attention. 27.	TABLET DEVICES Here children can do the math with angry birds. In this, children can assign numbers to the different colored birds to give each level a score and test if kinds can calculate the highest and lowest possible scores.

28.	STUDENT-IPAD An I pad can be used as a document camera with the stage interactive whiteboard and document camera. With this application, and the help of a dedicated mount you can use an ipad as a document camera, connotate over anything you set under the camera and even record what is shown. Microphones: with this device soft-spoken teachers can address their students through wireless microphones clipped to their shirt. Even in the midst of the usual class-room noises the teacher’s voice can across the room hence saving the teacher’s energy. 29.	DIGITAL CAMERA Digital cameras can be used in language classroom. This can be as productive for students as playing back existing material. 30.	REMOTE-CONTROL A learning remote control can be used to pick up and to store the signals another remote sound out. Through the use of such remotes students can easily share information. 31.	DVD Player Is a tool that can be used to play DVD disc produced under both DVD video and DVD audio in some instances it can also read memory cards, flash disks and play FM radio 32.	ROBOTS Robots can be used to teach students in the classroom for a number of subjects across science, math and language. This can be more entertaining and enjoyable for students to learn with robots. 33.	BUSSERS The use of bussers can help teachers engage in classroom activities even pupils who are shy. Shy children should be spared the embarrassment of speaking up in class. The pupils can answer questions by pressing a special keypad which has already featured on the krypton factor and stars in the eyes. This keypad would enable pupils to spell out words or answer multiple-choice questions. 34.	 3D printer Unlike 2D printing on a plain paper,3D printing allows for a more authentic exploration of objects that may not be readily available to schools – things like animal anatomies and toxic materials. With this printer students are able to get a view of the object on every angle and side which seems more real and easy to remember.

SOCIAL MEDIA OUTPUT CHANNEL 35.	Multi earphone plug Useful for group discussions where pupils or students are put into groups to listen to certain presentations more especially in language classes. Students Drawing pad A drawing pad is a computer input device that enable users to hand draw images, animation and graphics with a special pen, similar to the way a person draws images with a pencil and paper. These tablets can be also used to capture data and handwritten signature. 36.	Mobile Phone Mobile phones allow users to call another person and talk from afar, in addition to voice functions, most modern phones offer some degree of text or data transfer. Users can send brief, typed messages to other mobile phones, share files such as pictures and videos or access internet. 39. Television The obvious and most direct way teachers use educational television programs and the concept being studied in class is by showing related videos, audios, and documents. 40.	Calculator Is a small, potable, electronic device used to perform calculations, ranging from basic arithmetic to complex mathematics. Conclusion Although there are different devices of computers, they work together in order to make work easy for man in our daily life. They are compressed or connected together as one.

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