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Ingenium is a family of modular petrol and diesel direct injection engines designed and manufactured by Jaguar Land Rover.

The Ingenium range is the first family of engines designed by Jaguar Land Rover under the ownership of TATA Motors, and was initially designed to replace the Ford DuraTorq diesel engines and Ford EcoBoost petrol engines that Jaguar Land Rover have bought following their sale by Ford to TATA.

Higher output Ingenium variants started to replace the Jaguar AJ126 V6 petrol engine and Jaguar AJD-V6 diesel engine in vehicles during 2017.

Overview
The Ingenium engine is a modular design, allowing larger or smaller engines to be produced simply by changing the number of cylinders within the engine, rather than requiring entirely new designs to be produced. The Ingenium family currently comprises a four-cylinder engine produced in petrol and diesel variants, with six-cylinder petrol and diesel variant expected to be introduced in 2017, fully replacing the supercharged AJ126 V6 petrol and twin turbo AJD-V6 diesel engines.

Ingenium can also be reduced by one cylinder to produce a three-cylinder engine with a displacement of 1.5L.

The design also allows petrol and diesel versions of the engine to be produced with significant parts commonality, allowing their production on shared production lines. The 2.0L petrol and diesel variants of the engine share the same stroke, bore and bore spacing.

Background
Jaguar, whilst under the ownership of Ford, was actively involved in the development of engines within the Ford family, resulting in the eight cylinder Jaguar AJ-V8 and closely related six cylinder Jaguar AJ126 engines. Jaguar would make use of the four-cylinder Ford DuraTorq diesel engine in the first generation Jaguar XF and previously used variants of the Ford Duratec V6 engine and DuraTorq engines in the Jaguar X-Type.

Land Rover, whilst part of the BMW owned Rover Group, was reliant on both Rover Group and BMW directly for the majority of engines used, only the diesel engines used in the Land Rover Defender and Discovery models were produced by Land Rover themselves. The break-up of Rover Group and the sale of Land Rover to Ford exacerbated the engine supply problems and Ford moved quickly to replace the BMW sourced engines, doing so with engines from Jaguar and the Ford/PSA Peugeot diesel engine venture.

The Land Rover Freelander continued with diesel engines purchased from BMW and petrol engines from former sister company Powertrain, then part of MG Rover Group, until production ceased and the second generation Freelander was introduced. The new Freelander was based on the Ford EUCD platform, designed specifically to accept a range of Ford and Volvo designed petrol and diesel engines. Ford's sale of Jaguar and Land Rover to TATA Motors and the future engine strategies of both Ford and Jaguar Land Rover would eventually force the development of a range of petrol and diesel engines designed to replace the Ford sourced petrol and diesel engines used by Jaguar Land Rover.

Technical
The basic design is shared between petrol and diesel variants, with the 2.0L petrol and diesel variants having identical stroke, bore and bore spacing. This results in the displacement being identical for both petrol and diesel 2.0L variants. The cylinder bore (and crankshaft) is offset by 12mm to improve the refinement of the engine and increase performance.

Petrol
The basic engine features an alloy cylinder block and alloy cylinder head. The engine features a sophisticated variable valve timing system which uses hydraulic control to manage valve lift and timing. The engine is fitted with single overhead camshaft for the exhaust values. The valves are driven by a timing chain rather than belt, which also drives the oil and water pumps.

The oil pump uses computer control system to alter lubrication rates in order to reduce friction whilst the water pump uses the computer control system primarily to allow the engine to heat up faster, reaching its optimum operating temperature, then working to maintain the optimum operating temperature whilst in use. A split coolant system with electronic thermostat is also fitted to allow the engine to reach optimum operating temperature as quickly as possible, in an effort to reduce emissions and fuel consumption.

The engine is turbocharged and can be fitted with one or two (sequential) turbocharging, with the size and nature of the turbocharging being tailored to suit the required application. Jaguar and Land Rover typically tailor their turbocharging (and supercharging) arrangements as necessary for Jaguar sports cars use and Land Rover off-road use.

Diesel
The basic engine design features an alloy cylinder block and alloy cylinder head, as with the petrol variant. The engine features one contra-rotating balancer shaft to improve the refinement of the engine. The crankshaft and balancer shaft features roller bearings in an effort to reduce the internal friction of engine components.

The cylinder head features two overhead camshafts with sixteen valves (four valves per cylinder). The camshafts feature variable cam timing, with BorgWarner supplying their compact torsional assist phaser system, and engine timing is by means of a timing chain rather than belt. The chain system drives an oil pump and water pump, both of which are computer controlled.

The combination of crankshaft roller bearings and the computer controlled oil and water pumps, results in overall internal friction being reduced by 17% when compared with the outgoing Ford Duratorq diesel engine.

The engine is turbocharged and as with the petrol engine, turbocharging can be tailored to suit the application.

The design has been optimised to allow transverse or longitudinal mounting with the smallest number of changes necessary, and without unduly affecting maintainability. Servicing cost competition, particularly relevant in the compact executive class, have forced Jaguar Land Rover to ensure the maintainability is comparable with the BMW's B48 range of engines, a similar family of modular engines which BMW use in a number of competing models.

Specification
Inline four cylinder petrol

Inline four cylinder diesel

Jaguar
Jaguar XE Jaguar XF (2nd generation)
 * 2.0L four-cylinder diesel (2015 –)
 * 2.0L four-cylinder petrol (2017 –)
 * 2.0L four-cylinder diesel (2016 –)
 * 2.0L four-cylinder petrol (2017 –)

Land Rover
Land Rover Discovery Sport
 * 2.0L four-cylinder diesel (2015 –)
 * 2.0L four-cylinder petrol (2017 –)

Land Rover Discovery (5th generation)
 * 2.0L four-cylinder diesel (2017 –)

Range Rover Sport (2nd generation)
 * 2.0L four-cylinder diesel (2017 –)