User:Nick Hajaly/sandbox

Training
This helps you set the style of the text. For example, a header, or plain paragraph text. You can also use it to offset block quotes.

The chain button allows you to link your text. Highlight the word, and push the button. The visual editor will automatically suggest related Wikipedia articles for that word or phrase. This is a great way to connect your article to more Wikipedia content. You only have to link important words once, usually during the first time they appear. If you want to link to pages outside of Wikipedia (for an "external links" section, for example) click on the "External link" tab.

The citation tool in the visual editor helps format your citations. You can simply paste a DOI or URL, and the visual editor will try to sort out all of the fields you need. Be sure to review it, however, and apply missing fields manually (if you know them). You can also add books, journals, news, and websites manually. That opens up a quick guide for inputting your citations. Finally, you can click the "re-use" tab if you've already added a source and just want to cite it again.

Article for review
Environmental impact of fishing

There is a citation missing at the end of the first paragraph

Some of the wording used within the second paragraph seems to be written in the form of a term paper or essay and therefore foregoes any neutrality in the writing

There's need of a citation in the last sentence of the first paragraph in the Possible remedies section

I feel the Ecological disruption section could be removed and its contents combined with the Overfishing section

In additon, the food web picture at the top of the article should be moved into the Overfishing section when food webs are actually referenced

Remedies section
Questioning the use and need for guidelines for fishing (Good source for Remedies section of Environmental impact of fishing)

Efficiency of traditional management of fisheries (Remedies section)

Evaluating the concept of marine reserves

No-take marine reserves as a possible solution to overfishing

Solutions to deal with marine plastic debris

Ecological disruption section
Good article describing the risks of overfishing (Good article for Ecological disruption section)

Ecological impacts from fishing on the Black Sea

Study which goes over the impacts of overfishing regarding the Black Sea

over fishing of critical marine species

Marine debris section
Good article explaining the environmental and ecological impacts of marine debris and their risks to marine life

Ecological disruption
Over-fishing can result in the over-exploitation of marine ecosystem services. Fishing can cause several negative physiological and psychological effects for fish populations including: increased stress levels and bodily injuries resulting from lodged fish hooks. Often times, when this threshold is crossed, hysteresis may occur within the environment. More specifically, some ecological disturbances observed within the Black Sea marine ecosystem resulted from a combination of over-fishing and various other related human activities which adversely affected the marine environment and ecosystem. Ecological disruption can also occur due to the over-fishing of critical fish species such as the tilefish and grouper fish who can be referred to as ecosystem-engineers.

Marine debris
Tracking garbage and monitoring the logistics of human waste disposal, especially waste materials primarily associated with fishing, is one method to reduce marine debris. Using technological or mechanical innovations such as marine debris-clearing drones can further serve to reduce the amount of debris within oceans. Marine debris consisting of old fishing nets or trawls can often be linked to phenomena such as ghost fishing; wherein the netting debris continues to entangle and capture fish and is referred to as ghost nets. A study performed in southern Japan on octopus noted that there was an estimated mortality rate of 212,000 - 505,000 octopus killed per year within the area's fishing grounds.

Possible remedies
Catch-and-release

Based upon catch-and-release research, this method of mitigation involves several practices to reduce the negative environmental impacts of fishing that include: the duration, timing, and type of hook used during angling. To increase the effectiveness of catch and release fishing and mitigate its negative impacts, species-specific guidelines are required. These guidelines help tailor specific rules and regulations to specific species of fish in relation to their locations and mating and migration cycles. While catch-and-release fishing has been wildly used in recreational fishing, it is also beneficial for maintaining fish populations at a stable level for commercial fisheries to receive social and economic benefits. Combining catch-and-release fishing with biotelementry data collection methods allows for researchers to study the biological effects of catch-and-release fishing on fish in order to better suit future conservation efforts and remedies.

Traditional fisheries management

One method to increase fish population numbers and reduce the severity of adverse environmental impacts and ecological disturbances is the utilization of traditional fisheries management systems within fisheries. Essentially, traditional fisheries management incorporates the aspects of fisheries management; however, the conservation efforts take into account concepts that place restrictions on the type of gear used and the allotment of permitted angling. Traditional fisheries management also incorporates communities within its conservation efforts which often result in management scenarios where there is co-management conservation efforts led by communities.

Ecosystem-based management of fisheries is another method used for fish conservation and impact remediation. Instead of solely focusing conservation efforts on a single species of marine life, ecosystem-based management is used across various species of fish within an environment. To improve the adoption of these types of fisheries management, it is important to reduce barriers to entry for management scenarios in order to make these methods more accessible to fisheries globally.

Marine Reserves

Marine reserves serve to foster both environmental protection and marine wildlife safety. The reserves themselves are established via environmental protection plans or policies which designate a specific marine environment as protected. Coral reefs are one of the many examples which involve the application of marine reserves in establishing marine protected areas. There have also been marine reserve initiatives located in the United States, Caribbean, Philippines, and Egypt. To mitigate the negative environmental impacts of fishing within marine environments, marine reserves are intended to create, enhance, and re-introduce biodiversity within the area. As a result, the primary benefits arising from the implementation of this type of management effort include positive impacts towards habitat protection and species conservation.