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Hip Fracture- Epidemiology
Hip fractures are seen globally and is serious concern at the individual and population level. In fact, by the year 2050 it is estimated that there will be 6 million cases of hip fractures worldwide. In the U.S alone 310,000 individuals were hospitalized due to hip fractures, which can account for 30% of American’s who were hospitalized that same year. Falling, poor vision, weight and height are all seen as risk factors. Falling is one of the most common risk factors for hip fractures. Approximately 90% of hip fractures are attributed to falls from standing height.



Population
All populations experience hip fractures but numbers vary within race, gender, and age. When comparing genders, women suffer hip fractures more often than men. In a lifetime, men are estimated to have a 6% risk whereas women, who are postmenopausal, are estimated to have a 14% risk of having a hip fracture occur. These statistics provide insight over a lifespan and conclude that women are twice as likely to suffer a hip fractures. When comparing race, Caucasians are more likely to suffer hip fractures more than any other race. According to recent research African Americans and Hispanics are the least likely to suffer hip fractures, which is sought to be attributed to a higher bone density found in both of African Americans and Hispanics.

Age Related
Age is the most dominant factor in hip fracture injuries. The increase of age is related to the increase of hip fractures incidences. As we know, falls are the most common cause of hip fractures, around 30- 60% of older aduls fall each year. This increase the risk for hip fracture and leads to the increase risk of death in older individuals, the rate of one year mortality is seen from 12-37%. For those remaining patients who don’t suffer from mortality, half of them need assistance and cannot live independently. Also, older adults sustain hip fractures because of osteoporosis, which is a degenerative disease due to age and decrease in bone mass. The average age for suffering a hip fracture is 77 years old for women and 72 years old for men. This shows how closely age is related to hip fractures.