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Unit 7 Study Guide 1.	Joseph Smith: Founded the Latter Day Saint movement. 2.	George Caitlin: American painter who specialized in portraits of Native Americans 3.	Neal Dow: Prohibitionist mayor of Portland, Maine 4.	Horace Mann: American education reformer and abolitionist. 5.	Samuel Morse: Invented the single wire telegraph system and the Morse code. 6.	Harriet Beecher Stowe: Wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin which attacked the cruelty of slavery. 7.	Lucretia Mott: American Quaker minister, abolitionist, social reformer and proponent of women's rights. 8.	Gilbert Stuart: American painter. Portrayed drawings of George Washington. 9.	Dorothea Dix: American activist towards the reforming of criminals and mentally insane. 10.	Eli Whitney: American inventor of the cotton gin, and interchangeable parts. 11.	John Jacob Aster: First millionaire in the United States. 12.	Noah Webster: American lexicographer, political writer. Wrote first Webster’s Dictionary. 13.	John Deere: Invented the steel plow 14.	Cyrus McCormick: American inventor and founder of the McCormick Harvester 15.	Margaret Fuller: Women's rights activist who used writings toward movement. 16.	Wilson Peale: American painter, soldier and naturalist. 17.	Robert Fulton: Invented the steamboat 18.	Brigham Young: Leader in the Latter Day Saint Mormon’s movement. 19.	Samuel Slater: Early American industrialist, the "Founder of the American Industrial Revolution". 20.	Peter Cartwright: Early American preacher often worked on thought of sin and prevention. 21.	Blankman: An imaginary superhero 22.	Susan B. Anthony: Voted illegally to attempt women's suffrage in the United States. 23.	John Audubon: Painted, catalogued, and described the birds of North America. 24.	Washington Irving: American author of the early 19th century. 25.	James Fennimore Cooper: Prolific and popular American writer of the early 19th century. 26.	Henry David Thoreau: American transcendentalist who wrote Walden, which inspired many, such as Gandhi and Martin Luther King, Jr. 27. John Whittier: American Quaker poet and forceful advocate of the abolition of slavery in the United States. 28.	Nathaniel Hawthorne: 19th century American novelist and short story writer. 29.	William Cullen Bryant: Another poet, journalist, and political adviser. 30.	Walt Whitman: Again, another American poet, essayist, journalist, and humanist. 31.	Oliver Holmes: Another poet, yeah, this is getting old. 32.	Herman Melville: American novelist, short story writer, essayist, and poet. 33.	Ralph Waldo Emerson: Leader of the Transcendentalist movement in the early nineteenth century. 34.	Henry Longfellow: American poet whose work inspired other writers. 35.	Edgar Allen Poe: Famous poet and one of the leaders of the American Romantic Movement. 36.	Isaac Singer: American inventor, actor, and entrepreneur. 37.	Erie Canal: First man made canal from Lake Erie to Albany. 38.	Ecological Imperialism: The thought that we need to take land from Indians. 39.	Clipper: Sailing ships made for speed of transport. 40.	Molly Maguire’s: Semi-legendary vigilante organization fought Irish landlords. 41.	Unitarians: Oneness of God opposed to the Trinity 42.	Second Great Awakening: New wave of revivals, emphasizing an intensely personal relationship to God. 43.	Awful Disclosures: Disclosures that were deemed awful. 44.	Interchangeable Parts: The idea that you can make separate parts, which are interchangeable. 45.	Clermont: First commercially successful steamship of the paddle steamer design. 46.	Rendezvous System: System of transport in which products made multiple planned stops before their destination. 47.	Pony Express: Mailing system which only really lasted for about a year, used horseback to transport packages and letters swiftly. 48.	Deism: 18th-century Enlightenment religion emphasizing reason, not miracles. 49.	Paddy Wagons: Slang term for police car. 50.	Mormons: Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. 51.	Oneida Colony: A Utopian commune founded by John Humphrey Noyes in 1848. 52.	Railroad: Transported people and goods on a system of tracks on which steam powered engines pulled cars. 53.	Biddies and Paddies: Slang for Irish immigrants. 54.	Tammany Hall: Political organization within the Democratic Party. 55.	Kindergarten: Taught during the year preceding first grade, introduced to America by the Germans. 56.	Transcendentalism: A style of literature and lifestyle popular in the mid and late 19th century. Stressed closeness to nature, experience for the sake of experience, and simplicity. 57.	American Temperance Society: 58.	Cotton Gin: A machine invented by Eli Whitney which removed seeds from cotton and did so 50 times faster than a single slave. 59.	Knickerbockers Group: 60.	Continental Economy: A more completely national economy within the U.S. which came to fruition in the mid 19th century. 61.	Cumberland Road: One of the first major highways in the U.S. 62. Cult of Domesticity: The belief that linked the ideals of womanhood to the domestic sphere. 63.	Limited Liability: Companies in which one did not have to risk their whole life’s savings. 64.	Know Nothing Party: Nativist American political movement of the 1850s. 65.	The separation of churches caused a rift between the north and south 66.	 Economically and culturally we kept from communicating with England. 67.	 Long hours unsafe and little pay for workers 68.	 Most people got mad at the Irish because they felt they were stealing jobs 69.	 Harsh land that were not suitable for crops 70.	 German came just for some thing to do Irish had few options 71.	 It was faster and it took a lot less work. Also lowered the price of food. 72.	 Faster communication 73.	Women had some rights but they could not vote or owning land 74.	A big boom of American literature