User:Noracrentiss/sandbox/EPOCHarticle

EPOCH (End Physical Punishment of Children) NZ Inc was a New Zealand organisation founded in 1998 to promote violence-free parenting and to campaign for the removal of the legal defence of "reasonable force" for parents prosecuted for assault on their children. The law, known as "section 59 of the Crimes Act", was changed in 2007 to remove the defence. EPOCH NZ monitored parental attitudes and behaviour following the law change until 2017 when EPOCH NZ was wound up.

History
Sweden 1979 and Nordic countries check Joan DURRANT

Jane and James Ritchie - research and advocacy 1970s and 1980s

IPSCAN meeting in Dublin

Peter Newell EPOCH UK

Penelope Leach

EPOCH Worldwide

Children's Rights Campaign Trust established by a group who wanted to set up an advocacy group

https://app.businessregisters.govt.nz/sber-businesses/viewInstance/view.html?id=229a78e05307b6d8bf1b29667f00cb17361c9f02aa684e8c&_timestamp=1094128272314929 p37, p114

https://ec.europa.eu/justice/grants/results/daphne-toolkit/content/epoch-worldwide_en

Mentions EPOCH https://ec.europa.eu/justice/grants/results/daphne-toolkit/content/ending-physical-punishment-children-campaign-promote-child-rearing_en

Robert Ludbrook paid for the PO Box

Objectives
Take from Trust Deed

Structure
EPOCH NZ was a registered charitable trust.

Volunteers
EPOCH NZ trustees were volunteers for the most part, but from time to time specialist work was required for which modest fees were paid. Volunteers had different levels of commitment, skills and available time. Several of the founding trustees remained active within the organisation throughout its existence. In 2009, founder member and spokesperson Beth Wood was made a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit for services to children and young people.

Funding
The organisation received funding from a small number of agencies including:

- JR McKenzie Trust

- Copyright fees from the publication Choose to Hug

- Lotteries funding for educational material

- The Think Tank Charitable Trust

Supporters
Robert Ludbrook

The Body Shop

Network of Supporters (find name of this network)

Research
Original Research

Check who did these

UMR survey in 2013

Other academic research
General statement about body of international research and maybe link to website.

Master's Thesis- Jenny Brobst

UK
EPOCH Worldwide (Global Initiative)

Children are Unbeatable

Chris Dodd: Church Network for Non-violence: http://churchesfornon-violence.org/wp/?page_id=4

EPOCH UK

Canada
Repeal 43 Campaign https://www.repeal43.org/about-us/

Professor Joan Durrant

Australia
EPOCH Australia: short-lived organisation

Activities
In 2005, a Bill was drawn from the Member's Bill Ballot in the name of Green MP Sue Bradford. Its original title was Crimes (Abolition of Force as a Justification for Child Discipline) Amendment Bill.

EPOCH supported the Bill and advocated for its passing into law.

After intense public campaigning by all sides, the bill was passed at its Third Reading on 16 May 2007 by 113 votes to eight. The Crimes (Substituted Section 59) Amendment Act 2007 came into effect on 21 June 2007.

A citizens-initiated referendum on the issues surrounding the law was held between 30 July and 21 August 2009, asking "Should a smack as part of good parental correction be a criminal offence in New Zealand?" EPOCH NZ joined a coalition of organisations called The Yes Vote. There was widespread criticism of the question's wording. The referendum results were 87.4% voting "No" XX% voting Yes with a voter turnout of 56.1%. EPOCH NZ continued to keep a watching brief on political developments. A Member's Bill aimed at re-introducing a statutory defence into the Crimes Act was defeated in September 2010.

A Voice for Change ISBN 0-86469-459-8

Publications and Research Reports
- Choose to Hug

- Five Good Reasons series to be lodged Nat Library

- Five Good Reasons not to Hit your Children

- Five Good Reasons why...

- ECPAT