User:NorbertHerbert/CIE

Congenital Ichthyosiform Erythroderma (CIE), also known as Nonbullous congential ichthyosiform erythroderma (nCIE or nbCIE) is a rare type the ichthyosis family of skin diseases which occurs in 1 in 200,000 to 300,000 births.

Symptoms
CIE has symptoms very similar to Lamellar ichthyosis (LI) but milder and is considered by many scientists to be a variant of that disease, so both diseases are grouped under the title autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI).

The baby is often born in a collodion membrane usually with ectropion. When the membrane is shed the skin is red (erythema) with a generalized white scale. Palms, soles and areas on the joints are often affected with hyperkeratosis. In classical CIE (unlike LI) there is little eclabion (eversion of the lips), ectropion and alopecia.

Many people with ACRI don't fit neatly into the definition of LI or CIE but have characteristics of both diseases. The definitions of CIE and LI describe the extremes of the range of ACRI.

Genetics
CIE is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder. This means you need to inherit a defective pair of genes (one from each parent) to show the symptoms. Parents who are carriers of the defective genes show no symptoms but their children have a 25% chance of having CIE.

There are several genetic faults which can produce CIE. Known ones are in the transglutaminase-1 gene (TGM1), the 12R-lipoxygenase gene (ALOX12B), the lipoxygenase-3 gene (ALOXE3) and the ABHD5 gene.

Defects in the ABHD5 gene produce a type of CIE called Neutral lipid storage disease (Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome).