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Practice Editing Here (Nov 15th in-class Wiki session work)

 * This is a place to practice clicking the "edit" button and practice adding references (via the citation button).

Task:

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia


 * 1) Find a peer-reviewed journal article on PubMed. Practice inserting your citation in the above space using the "cite" tool
 * 2) Choose one "B-level" medical article on Wikipedia from the following list: https://wp1.openzim.org/#/project/Medicine/articles?quality=B-Class&importance=High-Class
 * 3) Practice editing live on Wikipedia by finding a typo in the text or improving the clarity/readability of a sentence by adjusting a few words in a sentence.

Assignment # 3- please post an anonymous copy here!
Wikipedia Article Title: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

1.      Proposed Changes (3 marks):


 * Original Sentence 1: “CLL can also be caused by a number of epigenetic changes, which can be classified into 3 different methylation subgroups (naïve B-cell-like, memory B-cell-like, and intermediate).”
 * Changed Sentence 1: “CLL can also be caused by a number of epigenetic changes, which are adaptations that add a tag to specific DNA sequences, rather than altering the sequence itself. In CLL, these changes can be classified into the addition of 3 different methyl subgroups (naïve B-cell-like, memory B-cell-like, and intermediate), which impact how much that DNA sequence is transcribed.Jarosova et al, 2019”


 * Original Sentence 2: “Men are about twice as likely to get CLL as women, and risk increases with age.[23] It is relatively rare among Asians.”
 * Changed Sentence 2: “CLL is the most common type of leukaemia in the Western world compared to non-Western regions such as Asia, Latin America, and Africa [Murthy et al. 2021]. It is observed globally males are twice as likely than females to acquire CLL [Murthy et al. 2021].”
 * Original Sentence 3: “Since there is no one single mutation that causes CLL in all cases, an individual’s susceptibility may be impacted when multiple mutations that increase the risk of CLL are co-inherited.[22] Up until 2014, very few of these mutations or significant “risk alleles” had been identified.[22]”
 * Changed Sentence 3: “Since there is no one single mutation that is associated with CLL in all cases, an individual’s susceptibility may be impacted when multiple mutations that are associated with an increase in the risk of CLL are co-inherited.[22] Up until 2020, 45 susceptibility loci have been identified. 93% of these loci are linked to the alteration of 30 gene expressions involved in immune response, cell survival, or Wnt signaling.[Delgado et al., 2020]”

2.      Rationale for proposed change (3 marks):


 * Rationale for change 1: The original sentence hyperlinks to wikis for epigenetic and methylation, however the reader benefits from explanation of these concepts in text. For readers without a background in biology, we do not assume that they understand transcription as a process and have added a hyperlink to the Transcription page. I also proposed the change from the current citation (WHO classification of tumours and hematopoietic and lymphoid tissue) to the following comprehensive review, which is more specific to CLL.
 * Marie Jarošová, Karla Plevová, Jana Kotašková, Michael Doubek & Šárka Pospíšilová (2019) The importance of complex karyotype in prognostication and treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL): a comprehensive review of the literature, Leukemia & Lymphoma, 60:10, 2348-2355, DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2019.1576038
 * Rationale for change 2: The original sentence comments on risk factors for sex and prevalence amongst asians. The original sentence was simplistic and did not adequately provide context for the statement. The proposed sentence illustrates a general comparison between regions (Western, Asian, African, and Latin). Additionally, the comparison between sexes was maintained, but linked to a global observation rather than a vague 2:1 ratio. Lastly, the source used has been updated from the original sentence.
 * Murthy, V., & Paneesha, S. (2021). Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia. London ; BMJ Publishing Group Ltd 2021.
 * Rationale for change 3: The original sentences attempt to attribute causality between mutations and CLL, but there is not enough evidence to claim that. At best, we can attribute an association between the two. Moreover, the last sentence can become more up-to-date by replacing the 2014 article with a 2020 article, where more detailed evidence is discovered.

3.      Area of controversy (if applicable) (1 mark):


 * Ambiguity for change 1: It may be argued that the explicit explanation of epigenetic changes/methylation is unnecessary with the hyperlinks. While certain terms (ie; deletion) are clear, epigenetic/methylation are more complex terms and therefore merit the extra clarification in text.
 * Ambiguity for change 2: Information is based on current epidemiological data from Western databases. Controversy may arise with the collection of data and if they are well representative of non-Western regions.
 * Ambiguity for change 3: Given that the last sentence has gotten more detailed, it may cause some confusion for readers without a background in biology. However, the updated content is still more informative than what was initially present, and the information can be further searched separately if clarification is needed.

4.      Critique of source (2 marks):


 * Critique for change 1: The WHO classification, while comprehensive, is non specific to the content contained in this sentence and the sentence prior about deletions/trisomy/translations. The comprehensive review is more specific to CLL and contains information consistent with the WHO classification.
 * Critique for change 2: The source is from the BMJ Best Practices. This information highlights the latest information used by practitioners, it represents guidelines and not rules. The information extracted was of epidemiology; as more information is collected over time through the various databases cited, one can anticipate an evolution in information presented. This highlights the importance of “recent” sources of information used in the Wiki article.
 * Critique for change 3: The proposed review article is not a systematic review article, and as a result may not have captured all the information on genetic associations of CLL. Furthermore, as is mentioned in the article itself, the discoveries are still investigative, and more information will likely be shed in the near future.

5.      Article improvement (1 marks):

The students have shared their proposed improvement on their article talk page. This entry is formatted according to the supplied template and the students have included the reference and exact improvement that they propose to make on Wikipedia.

Here is a list of our suggestions to the Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia #Causes section:


 * Original Sentence 1: “CLL can also be caused by a number of epigenetic changes, which can be classified into 3 different methylation subgroups (naïve B-cell-like, memory B-cell-like, and intermediate).”
 * Changed Sentence 1: “CLL can also be caused by a number of epigenetic changes, which are adaptations that add a tag to specific DNA sequences, rather than altering the sequence itself. In CLL, these changes can be classified into the addition of 3 different methyl subgroups (naïve B-cell-like, memory B-cell-like, and intermediate), which impact how much that DNA sequence is transcribed.Jarosova et al, 2019”


 * Original Sentence 2: “Men are about twice as likely to get CLL as women, and risk increases with age.[23] It is relatively rare among Asians.”
 * Changed Sentence 2: “CLL is the most common type of leukaemia in the Western world compared to non-Western regions such as Asia, Latin America, and Africa [Murthy et al. 2021]. It is observed globally males are twice as likely than females to acquire CLL [Murthy et al. 2021].”


 * Original Sentence 3: “Since there is no one single mutation that causes CLL in all cases, an individual’s susceptibility may be impacted when multiple mutations that increase the risk of CLL are co-inherited.[22] Up until 2014, very few of these mutations or significant “risk alleles” had been identified.[22]”
 * Changed Sentence 3: “Since there is no one single mutation that is associated with CLL in all cases, an individual’s susceptibility may be impacted when multiple mutations that are associated with an increase in the risk of CLL are co-inherited.[22] Up until 2020, 45 susceptibility loci have been identified. 93% of these loci are linked to the alteration of 30 gene expressions involved in immune response, cell survival, or Wnt signaling.[Delgado et al., 2020]”



What to post on the Wikipedia article talk page (part of assignment 3)

 * This will also be covered on Nov 15th in class. Your group should use the below template to share an outline of your proposed improvements (including your new wording and citations). Article talk pages are not places to share your assignment answers. The Wikipedia community will be more interested in viewing your exact article improvement suggestions including where you plan to improve the article (which section), what wording you suggest, and the exact citation (Note: all citations must meet WP:MEDRS)
 * You will not be able to paste citations directly from your sandbox to talk pages (unless you are interested in editing/learning Wiki-code in the "source editing" mode). We suggest re-adding your citations on the talk page manually (using the cite button and populating the citation by pasting in the DOI, website, or PMID). You will have to repeat this process yet again when you edit the actual article live.
 * Talk Page Template: CARL Medical Editing Initiative/Fall 2021/Talk Page Template