User:Nvnc/Patrick Berger (architecte) (1)

 Patrick Berger Patrick Berger, born in Paris, France on 10 November 1947, is a French architect who received the national Grand Prix for architecture and is honorary professor at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne).

Parisian architect
Patrick Berger obtained his architecture diploma from the École Nationale Supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris in 1972.

His architectural practice began by a stint in Warmbronn, in the atelier of the German architect and engineer Frei Otto [1]  [1] [./Patrick_Berger_(architecte)#cite_note-1 [1]  ]. After a science-oriented assignment in ethnoarchitecture for CNRS and UNESCO in Nepal, he received his doctorate in urban planning in 1977, upon the creation of the Newar royal city in Panauti. He opened his first architectural office in 1974. In his earliest housing projects in Paris, he concretized his theoretical reflections on the architectural figure. Emblematic of this period is the building, on 53 rue Quincampoix in the third arrondissement of Paris. He is equally known for the restoration of Le Palace by Fabrice Emaer, who entrusted to him one after the other several studies for several “lieux de jour” or theater spaces that were never built.

During the 1980s, he pursued research on the concept of architecture as a built sign, looking at its characteristic effects in public spaces as well as in natural sites. Three competitions helped establish his reputation during this period: the Parc André-Citroën; the conversion of the viaduct at the Bastille into the Viaduc des Arts in Paris; and l’École Nationale Supérieure d’Architecture de Bretagne, in which he embedded, via the materials used, his concepts about the roots and the fundamental nature of architectural language.

Also during this period he carried out his study for the restoration of the “secteur romantique” of the Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris. On the occasion of the bicentennial of the French Revolution he designed a monument commemorating Jean-Lambert Tallien. He also restored two funerary monuments leaning on a retaining wall.

His proposal for a Monument of Communication connecting Europe and Japan won the architectural competition in 1989. Building work started in 1994. It consisted of a slab of granite, bronze, and glass, and was based on the idea of linking Brittany with the Japanese island of Awaji, which form the western and eastern extremities of Eurasia. Construction began with the extraction of a 2700 cubic meter block of granite at Roscoff which would be transported and installed at the site in Japan. The project was suspended due to the earthquake of 17 January 1995 that affected Tokyo-Osaka Bay.

The 1990s saw a quest for a diversity of architectural programs that led to the creation, among others, of the Auguste Dobel social and cultural center in the rue Philidor in Paris; l’Hôtel d’agglomération in Rennes Metropole; an artisanal studio Hermès International in the Ardennes, and the Port-Royal maternity hospital repurposing the site of l’Hôpital Cochin. His projects for le Musée du Moyen-Âge (Museum of the Middle Ages) at Chartres and for the Centre Ulug Beg of Samarkand were in direct contrast with historical monuments, while the opening, in 1999, of the headquarters of UEFA (the European Football Federation) at Nyon, Switzerland, was designed as a “pure architectural sign” that explored the idea of “reversal” within the notion of monumentality: by “erasing itself,” the building reveals never-before perspectives on Lake Geneva and Mont-Blanc, with which its entrance terrace is aligned.

In 1994, Berger built the marker for the geographical center of Japan in Nishiwaki, at the confluence of 35 degrees north latitude and 135 degrees east longitude.

During this period, several installations, sometimes ephemeral, explored either historical or natural spaces. These included an exhibition for the jewelry of Victoire de Castellane at the Orangerie in the Tuileries gardens; the Lux Sonus for the Leçons de Thoronet 2010, and the grounds surrounding the Milestones in Burgundy, between Alésia and Sombernon.

He also directed several urban studies, including the project for the reconfiguration of central Paris as part of the city’s proposal for the 2008 Olympics. Between 2007 and 2009, he served as the scientific expert for the Grand Paris project.

The church Saint Paul de La Plaine was inspired by the mathematical symbol for infinity : ∞. Its nave, a synthesis of the basilical and the circular plans, forms a loop that naturally and topologically follows the curve of the infinity symbol in setting off a garden behind the altar then echoing this in the space forming the structure of the church.

La Canopée (the Canopy) and the Châtelet-Les-Halles station, Paris.

Winner of the 2007 international competition to redesign the “Carreau des Halles” in the heart of Paris, Berger was then commissioned (with Jacques Anziutti) for the project to rebuild the Châtelet-Les Halles station situated underground. He conceived this new Porte du Grand Paris (Gate of Greater Paris) as symbolic of the new metropolitan role this site would play. He designed a canopy whose form was dictated by the complexity of the site, and experimented for this purpose with a design method inspired by the “morphogeneses” of nature.

Research
In addition to the work of his atelier, Berger has devoted himself to teaching (from 1978 to 2013) and to research, primarily at l’École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne from 1993, where his works dealt with the forms and dynamic representations of contemporary cities. He experimented in this framework with a prototype of modernization of the dynamic of self-organization in urban settings, with the help of multi-agent systems. In 2012, he presented his works at a seminar entitled “Dynamiques urbaines et morphogenèse” (Organically changing urban dynamics) organized by the Collège d’études mondiales of FSMH, PUCA, and ENSAD. In these later works, he explored the links between nature and culture and presented in Animal? and its eponymous exhibition some comparative images between the architecture of the earliest humans and that of the animals.

Essays and designs
Berger is the author of several books and essays on architecture and on the city. His drawings and models, among other things, form part of the collections of the Centre Georges-Pompidou in Paris. of l’Institut Français d’Architecture (IFA) and of the German Architecture Museum (DAM) (Museum of German Architecture) at Frankfurt-on-Main, Germany.

« Animal ? » Patrick Berger co-édition Les Presses du réel ( ISBN 978-2-84066-697-4 ) et les Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes ( ISBN 978-288915-051-9 ) 2014 « Lux Sonus » Patrick Berger, Les leçons du Thoronet 2010, ed. MAV PACA, 2010 ( ISBN 978-2-95349481-5 ) « Milieux » Institut Français d’Architecture, Paris France (catalogue) 2005 « Leçon inaugurale de l’École de Chaillot, Patrick Berger », 15 november 2005 in Conférences inaugurales. Catalogue Cité de l'Architecture et du patrimoine, Paris, 2006 ( ISBN 2-916183-07-8 ) « Formes cachées, la ville - Patrick Berger/Jean-Pierre Nouhaud » aux Presses Polytechniques et Universitaires Romandes, EPFL - 2004 « Œuvres et Projets de Patrick Berger» Musée d’Art de Mendrisio, Suisse 1997 « Questions d'architecture» Leçon inaugurale du Pr. Patrick Berger, EPFL, Suisse, 1995

« La Figure architecturale, un enjeu esthétique » Patrick Berger avec Christian Eychène, École d’architecture de Saint-Étienne; rapport de recherche au bureau de la recherche architecturale - 1988 « Panauti, une ville royale au Népal » Patrick Berger - Vincent Barré - Laurence Feveile- Gérard Toffin, éditions Berger-Levrault, collection ethno-architecture, Paris, 1981 ISBN 978-288915-051-9ISBN 978-2-95349481-5ISBN 2-916183-07-8ISBN 978-2-84066-697-4

Major Built Projects

 * 2018 : Renovation of the Châtelet-les-Halles station, Paris
 * 2016 : La Canopée, renovation of the forum des Halles, Paris
 * 2014 : Church and rectory, Saint-Paul-de-la-plaine at La Plaine-Saint Denis (93210) France
 * 2012 : Pôle de périnatalité, Hôpital Cochin, Paris 14e
 * 2010 : Lux Sonus, Abbey of Thoronet. Les leçons du Thoronet 2010
 * 2010 : Roman road between Alésia and Sombernon, Burgundy, France
 * 2009 : Alfred-Nakache sports complex, rue Dénoyez, Paris 20e
 * 2007 : School of music and dance, Cluny, France
 * 2007 : Exhibition of jewelry by Victoire de Castellane, Dior Joaillerie, Orangerie des Tuileries, Paris
 * 2007 : Hôtel de Rennes Metropole, Rennes France
 * 2003 : Ardennes artisanal studio for Hermès International, Bogny-sur-Meuse, France
 * 1999 : Social and cultural center for RATP, site Philidor-Maraîchers, Paris 20e
 * 1999 : Headquarters of the European Football Union (UEFA), Nyon, Switzerland
 * 1998 : Artists’ studios and housing, 109-115 avenue de Flandre, Paris 19e


 * 1996 : Le Viaduc des Arts, avenue Daumesnil, Paris 12e
 * 1994 : Le Monument du Centre Géographique du Japon, Nishiwaki, Japon
 * 1993 : Le dojo, Bretigny-sur-Orge, France
 * 1993 : Maison de l'Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
 * 1992 : Le parc André-Citroën, Paris, coauteur pour l’ensemble du Parc et auteur des grandes serres et serres sériels
 * 1992 : Monument commémoratif de Jean-Lambert Tallien, cimetière du Père-Lachaise, Paris
 * 1990 : L'École d'Architecture de Bretagne, Rennes
 * 1980 : Immeuble de six logements, 53, rue Quincampoix, Paris 3e
 * 1978 : Le Palace « lieu de plaisir » Paris 9e

Projects

 * 2010 - 2014 : Headquarters for Novartis-pharma France at Rueil-Malmaison
 * 2005 : The bird pavilion, Center for Ethology, Grancey, France
 * 2004 : Paris Olympics 2012, proposals, competitions, and urban planning
 * 2004 : Plaine de France, study of urban sprawl in metropolitan Paris
 * 2004 : Development of Tolbiac-Chevaleret, Paris
 * 2003 : Museum of European and Mediterranean Civilizations, Marseille, France
 * 2003 : La métropole Lémanique, plan for a contemporary metropolis (EPLF-ENAC)
 * 2001 : Two buildings for activities for Semapa, Paris, France
 * 2000 : Paris Olympic Games 2008 "Call for Proposals" The Olympic Games redefine Paris
 * 1999 : Museum of Arts and Civilisations of Africa, Asia, Oceania and Americas, quai Branly, Paris
 * 1998 : Bercy-Tolbiac footbridge
 * 1994 : International center of medieval era, Chartres, France
 * 1991 : Le Théâtre de Blois, France 1991 : Restructuring of the historic center of Samarkand; monument to Ulug Beg, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
 * 1990 : L’École des beaux-arts de la ville de Paris, France
 * 1989 : French-Japanese monument to communication, Awaji, Japon
 * 1982 : Reconversion of the houseboat of Touring Club de France, for Fabrice Emaer, Paris

Distinctions

 * Honorary professor at Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland
 * 2004 - Great French National Prize of Architecture
 * Officer in the Order of Arts and Letters
 * Chevalier of the National Order of Merit

Exhibitions/catalogs/publications

 * 2016 « De la ciudad al museo. Arquitecturas parisinas 1945-2015 » Centro Pompidou Málaga, Málaga, Spain
 * 2014 « Animal? » Galerie Archizoom, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
 * 2015 “Orienter les morphogenèses urbaines. Essai de modélisation” in "Morphogenèse et dynamiques urbaines - Les ateliers de morphologie EHESS-EnsAD" Ouvrages du PUCA ( ISBN 978-2-11-138150-6 )
 * 2010 “Lux-Sonus” Les leçons du Thoronet
 * 2010, Abbaye du Thoronet France
 * 2010 “Les Halles, le nouveau cœur de Paris” Pavillon de l’Arsenal, Paris France
 * 2005 “Milieux” Institut Français d’Architecture, Paris France (catalogue)
 * 2002 “Patrick Berger” Galerie d’Architecture, rue des Blancs-Manteaux, Paris France
 * 1998 “Premises,” Guggenheim Museum, New York, USA
 * 1997 “Œuvres et Projets de Patrick Berger,” Musée d’Art de Mendrisio, Switzerland (catalogue)
 * 1988 “Emerging European Architects,” Gund Hall Gallery, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts USA (catalogue)
 * 1987 “Three French Architects ,” 9 H Gallery, London, UK (catalogue)