User:Nycolebb/sandbox

Summary
HeLa cells have been used in countless researches and studies and have made numerous contributions to our medical society; One of the biggest was the development of the Polio vaccine. As research in the medical field is constantly continuing and growing, so is the use of HeLa cells. In 2003, HeLa Hep 2 tumor cells were used to test radiation therapy of malignant tumors. Radiation therapy can occur in two ways: external beam radiation (RT) and radiouimmunotherapy (RIT). In this experiment mice were transplanted with HeLa Hep2 tumor cells on their backs. The test groups that were created, were a control that received no radiation therapy, RT alone, RIT alone and a combination of RT and RIT. With each of these treatments, a set of antibodies was used to also test the way those affected tumor size.The tumors were subjected to extensive testing in both histochemical and immunohistochemical, in order to detect changes in biology and histology. In general, the reason why this study was performed was to determine which antibodies worked best and also which therapy worked best, the study looked to learn which combination of therapy is the most effective.

In the control group that was left untreated, the tumors grew fast, and had a doubling time of about 9 days. Due to the size and rate that theses tumors grew at this group of mice were put down after 35 days. When only RT was used slowing of growth could be seen in the initial 10 days after treatment, but continued to grow after that. In this RT only group the doubling time was extended to 19 days. When only I-H7 (radiolabelled antibodies) were used as treatment, the difference that could be seen were in the clinical effects of the antibodies. When mAB H7 was used alone, there was clear slowing growth of tumor for an estimated 2 weeks. The slowing that was seen this set of treatment was much more pronounced then that of the RT alone. The mAB H7 also had a doubling time of about 50 days. When TS1 (anti-cytokeratin) was used, there was a great deal of slowing to the tumor growth, that occurred for about 4 weeks after treatment. The tumors in this set doubled in 9 days (like the control) but diminished in size and never fully reached that volume again. When mAB H7 and mAb TS1 were combined, there were similar growth slowing that was seen. When RT was given prior to RIT with H7 a more slowed growth rate could be seen, but with an combination of RT and RIT (TS1) an obvious growth retardation was seen. Lastly, when RT and combination of both mABs H7 and TS1 antibodies were given, there was pronounced growth retardation.

Results
In conclusion the experiment showed that both RT and RIT cause significant growth inhibition. While RIT had longer lasting effects than those of RT, the most potential of growth inhibition was observed when both treatments were combined. Combining these regimens enhanced the therapeutic effects further, and a significant reduction in tumor volume could be seen. Some of the mice were cured completely by the combination. The benefits in delaying tumor growth and of longer lasting effects were also seen with the combination of therapy.