User:OSTA1771/sandbox

References w/ Information for Vincenzo Article:

1)    Segre, Michael. "Viviani's Life of Galileo." Isis 80, no. 2 (1989): 206-31. Accessed November 20, 2020. http://www.jstor.org.ezproxy.lib.ou.edu/stable/234597 .

·      Vincenzo was tasked by Prince Léopold de’ Medici, brother of the Tuscan Grand Duke to write a biography of Galileo’s life. —>same as source (3).

·      Galileo was first introduced to Viviani by the Grand Duke Ferdinand II de Medici (209).

·      In 1639, Viviani moved to Galileo’s home in Arcetri, Italy to assist him in his studies before being joined by Evangelista Torricelli in 1641 (209).

·      Viviani was not appointed Tuscan Court Mathematician until after the death of Torricelli in 1647 who was appointed the position upon Galileo’s death (210).

·      Viviani worked to preserve the contributions and life of Galileo (210-211).

·      The “Rancconto istorico” and the “Lettera” on the pendulum were biographical essays on the life and work of Galileo published by Favaro in Volume XIX of the National Edition.

·      There were three drafts of the “Racconto istorico” presented to Favaro for publication, however only two made it into the Galilean MS 11 (212).

2)     Meli, Domenico Bertoloni. "The Collaboration between Anatomists and Mathematicians in the Mid-Seventeenth Century with a Study of Images as Experiments and Galileo's Role in Steno's "Myology"." Early Science and Medicine 13, no. 6 (2008): 665-709. Accessed November 21, 2020. http://www.jstor.org/stable/20617770 .

·      Vincenzo Viviana collaborated with Nicolaus Steno in implementing mathematical principles/applications of geometry in the field of anatomy, or more specifically the anatomy of muscles. 1666-1667 on (Page 669). OR Viviani acted as a collaborator and instructor to Steno’s work by assisting in the field of geometry and its implications in the field of anatomy.

·      The collaboration was done in order to extend the understanding and role of mathematics as they relate to the structure and function of the muscles/muscular contractions in the shark subjects dissected by Steno.

·      Vincenzo Viviani was Galileo’s last disciple (Page 669). OR Viviani was Galileo’s last disciple until his death in 1642.

3)    Rutgers, Jaco. "A Frontispiece for Galileo's "Opere": Pietro Anichini and Stefano Della Bella." Print Quarterly 29, no. 1 (2012): 3-12. Accessed December 7, 2020. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43826225 .

·      Cardinal Leopoldo de’ Medici tasked Viviani with gathering material in order to write a biography about Galileo;s life. —> same as source (1).

·      In 1654, Carlo Manolessi recruited Viviani to assist him and other in creating an compilation of Galileo’s life work. Opère di Galileo Galilei.

·       Viviani was active in coordinating the plate/frontispiece for Galileo’s publication.

4)    Boschiero, Luciano. 2005. “Post-Galilean Thought and Experiment in Seventeenth-Century Italy: The Life and Work of Vincenzio Viviani.” History of Science 43: 77–100. http://search.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.lib.ou.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=htm&AN=XISI500938-H&site=ehost-live .

·      Under the instruction of Galileo and Torricelli, Viviani expanded his applications of mathematics into the field of physics. This can be seen in his work on free-falling bodies and in the Academia del Cimento.

·      His journey to Galileo began under the instruction of another Galilean follower, Clemente Settemi, where he studied mathematics, or more particular geometry.

·      Viviani gained access to the Tuscan Court and Medici family through Clemente and his teacher Famiano Michelini. .

·      In 1638, Michelini introduced Viviani to the Grand Duke in Livorno, where Viviani demonstrated his mathematical abilities.

·      The Grand Duke offered Viviani a monthly salary to continue his education and introduced him to Galileo, whose deteriorating heath required a capable and competent assistant.

·      Viviani aided Galileo and contributed a marginal note in Third Day of Two new sciences.

·      Viviani was able to expand his knowledge over the philosophy of nature, mathematics, and applied physics while assisting Galileo on Two new sciences, in which Galileo studied the acceleration of free bodies.

·      Viviani was appointed to the Tuscan Court in 1666 as First Mathematician upon the death of Torricelli.

·      In 1663, Viviani was granted a pension by Louis XIV of France.

·      In 1674, Viviani published an improved version of Euclids fifth book, the Quinto libro degli Elementi d’Euclide.

·      In 1676, the Diporto geometrico was published. It was composed of solutions to 12 mathematical/geometrical problems posed for Italians mathematicians upon the urging of Leopoldo.

·      In 1701, he restored Aristeo’s books and dedicated the publication to the Grand Duke.